Tacitus s Influence On The Roman Empire - 2166 Words

Tacitus talks about the influence of Agrippina the younger as a sign of weakness of the principate representing Claudius and Nero as her pawn. Her position of power as a female to this day is unmatched; known as the granddaughter, daughter, sister, wife, and mother of men. ( Tacitus) Agrippina, an Imperial woman of the Julio-Claudian bloodline a female Caesar lived through all five of the Julio-Claudian emperors Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, and Nero. Agrippina the younger roles in the empire is recognized but is not credited for the influence she had in shaping the Roman Empire from the time of Claudius to the beginning of Nero’s reign. Tacitus is writing is from the perspective of an old Roman Senator providing the accounts of Agrippina life in power from a male point of view. His accounts of her life portray her as a vindictive, scandalous female who has stepped above her station. (Tacitus) Suetonius another old Roman Senator accounts would agree with Tacitus in regards to Agrippina s outrageous behavior. However, it can be argued that she was an emperor while she is not given credit her influence played a huge part in affecting the direction of the Empire and Roman society especially when it comes to women in a position of power. Tacitus and Suetonius provide fragments of the history of the Roman Empire through the Julio-Claudian reign. Agrippina the younger bloodline is strong as a descendant of Augustus and Agrippa; she s connected to all five emperors.Show MoreRelatedWhat Are Tacitus Motivations For Writing The Annals2556 Words   |  11 PagesWhat are Tacitus reasons (both explicit and implicit) for writing The Annals? Tacitus’ motivations for writing The Annals are multifaceted. First, he was promoting the stance that the empire, despite its shortcomings, was necessary for the stability of Rome at the time. Secondly, he wanted to give an honest and fair account of Rome during the reigns of four emperors of the principate: Tiberius, Gaius, Claudius and Nero. A republic, like Rome, moves at a maddeningly slow pace. Legislation is putRead MoreThe Roman Republic1412 Words   |  6 PagesFebruary 26, 2016 As a descendent of the deified Emperor Augustus, Agrippina was born into a powerful and respected family. She exploited this power, obtaining a level of influence over her husband and son that was only available to ambitious, imperial men. Her use of manipulation and violence has led ancient writers, such as Tacitus, to describe her political career as inappropriate and excessive. But I will argue against these views. On the contrary, I will show that because of her political achievementsRead MoreThe Life of Emperor Nero Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pagesorder for her son to be the next Emperor of Rome. It wasn’t apparent that her son was to become one of the most feared and cruel leaders in Roman history from 54 CE to 68 CE. By examining his achievements and failures as an emperor, his influences and changes over the entire economic, political and social spectrum are revealed. At this stage in the Roman Empire things were extremely dangerous and many power struggles within the royal family were arising. With the demise of the sadistic Emperor CaligulaRead MoreThe Eternal City1418 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest empires of the century. Rome was accepted to be established around 509 B.c. It began turning into a country after the Romans drove out the Etruscan lord. Little did the Romans realize that driving out their lords was the start of the best and biggest realms ever known to history. After the fall of Monarchy another type of government was setup, called the republic. Which they thought would keep any people from picking up an excessive amount of force. As stated by Moses Hadas in Tacitus â€Å" BesidesRead MoreEssay about Latin Literature in History1232 Words   |  5 Pageswhich Romans drew immense influence. The Romans picked up first on the Greek embrace of rhetoric, which became an educational standard, given that a mans rhetoric, his ability to push the buttons of the subject audience by way of speeches, supplemented the mans rise to political power. But as rhetoric began to diminish from Roman daily life following Romes imperialization, identical persuasive technique began to show itself in Roman literature. But Greek themes were just a backbone in Roman literatureRead More Latin Literature In History Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pageswhich Romans drew immense influence. The Romans picked up first on the Greek embrace of rhetoric, which became an educatio nal standard, given that a man’s rhetoric, his ability to â€Å"push the buttons† of the subject audience by way of speeches, supplemented the man’s rise to political power. But as rhetoric began to diminish from Roman daily life following Rome’s imperialization, identical persuasive technique began to show itself in Roman literature. But Greek themes were just a backbone in Roman literatureRead MoreThe Rise Of The Roman Empire1428 Words   |  6 PagesThe Roman Empire is widely regarded as one of, if not the most dominant government to ever exist. Early civilization in Europe was dominated by the Romans, and their constantly growing empire. With the help of Greek political ideas, the Romans adopted one very similar where supreme power is held by the people from their elected representatives. These representatives were a part of the Senate, where all political laws were made and enforced, very similar idea to the type of Senate that existsRead MoreAgrippina the Younger Essay3935 Words   |  16 PagesPersonality Agrippina The Younger Historical Context Roman Social and political structures Imperial Family Emperor From the time of Augustus, exercised total control over * Political * Military * Economic * Religious affairs Family Members of the Juio-Claudian family enjoyed considerable power and influence Upper Classes Consular Came from noble families – senators who had achieved office of consul and were respected because of their experience and authorityRead MoreThe Political System Of Rome3307 Words   |  14 Pagessavagely, on the floor of the Roman senate. A year later, in 43 BC, the second triumvirate took power. It was formed by three men: Octavian – Julius Caesar’s grandnephew and adopted son, Marc Antony – a Roman general and Marcus Lepidus a high priest. It was agreed that Lepidus should have control over the provinces of Hispania and Africa, ‘effectively neutralising him and as he was thereby kept from any power play in Rome’. Octavian and Antony divided the Roman Empire between themselves, West andRead MoreFrancis Bacon15624 Words   |  63 Pagespassionate detractors. And, it is interesting to note that both these extreme positions are occasioned by the very same properties of his style. Bacon ushered in the modern era of writing English prose. F.G Selby says that, â€Å"The part of Bacon’s influence is of course due to the charm of his style† To be sure, there is a marked difference in the style of his earlier essays and that of his later ones. But, the important fact is that the difference is one of approach and not one of technique. In the

The Test And Lab Report - 1644 Words

Through out the semester we had conducted various tests and labs, we will use the knowledge we attained from previous exercises to trace out an unknown organism as the purpose for this lab report. Following the random selection of organism number 51, I started out using the â€Å"Gram- Positive Cocci in clusters† flow chart which comes from the class lab manual. After performing a hand full of tests, I came to a conclusion that organism 51 that I had chosen was St. mitis. I noticed that this organism was streptococcus but had both an individual and a chain like arrangement. The noted streak plate colony growth was round in shape, slightly elevated, smooth in texture and translucent or partially transparent. The initial test that I had performed was the Gram staining test. I conducted this test a total of three times for final results. The Gram staining test is performed to differentiate between the two major categories of bacteria: Gram positive and Gram negative. In other words, the procedure enables bacteria to retain color of the stains which is based on the physical and chemical properties of the cells wall. The basic four step process of gram staining are: Application of the primary Crystal Violet stain onto a bacterial culture that had initially been heat fixed. The positive CV ions interact with the negatively charged bacterial components and happen to stain the bacterial cells purple. After rinsing the slide off with a gentle pressure of water, addition of Iodine onShow MoreRelatedLab Report On Chemical Tests1279 Words   |  6 Pages 1.4 Physical Tests 1.4.1 Organoleptic Tests This will be used to determine the color, odor, and physical appearance of the extracted substance. 1.4.2 Solubility Tests Six hundred milligrams of fucoidan isolate will be weighed and divided into 6 tubes, 100 mg each. It will then be dissolved in 1mL of each individual solvent such as distilled water, ethyl alcohol, chloroform, 1M Hydrochloric acid, 1M Sodium Hydroxide, and Diethyl ether. 1.5 Chemical Tests The chemical tests that will be performedRead MoreLab Report for Food Test1465 Words   |  6 Pagesaldehydes are known as aldoses. Sugars that are ketones are known as ketoses.Glucose and galactose are example of aldoses while fructose is an example of ketoses.There are few test can be done for testing these sugar to show or prove are they reducing sugar or non reducing sugar.Example of the test that can be done is Benedict test. 1 In plant,glucose is stored as the polysaccharide starch.Example of food that rich in starch is oat,cereal,rice and corn.Starch can be divided intoRead MoreFood Tests Lab Report813 Words   |  4 PagesFood Test 1: Test for Glucose – with Benedicts solution Benedicts solution is used to test for simple sugars, such as glucose. It is a clear blue solution of sodium and copper salts. In presence of simple sugars, the blue solution changes color to either green, yellow or brick-red, depending on the amount of sugar. Method 1) Mix smalls amount of each food sample (i.e., Egg lumen, cylindrical piece of potato tuber, bread crump and crisps) in different test tubes with distilled water to make aRead MoreLab Report On The Test Tube1483 Words   |  6 Pageswas added to the test tube using the measuring cylinder. 3. 2 mL of the yeast suspension was added to the test tube solution using a pipette. 4. The end of the test tube was inverted using one s thumb and a rubber stopper to thoroughly mix the test tube contents. 5. The measuring cylinder was filled with water and placed upside down into a bowl filled with water leaving some space for the end of the delivery tube to be placed. After the measuring cylinder was placed in the test tube, it was clampedRead MoreTensile Test Lab Report2204 Words   |  9 Pagesused. 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The list of chemicals is CuSO4, NH4Cl, NaOH, AgNO3, KI, H2SO4, NaBr, CaCl2, HCl, and Pb(NO3)2. The students are expected to determine the chemicals using physical properties, litmus paper, solubility, and the process of elimination. Physical properties, such as the color, can be determined by sight. LitmusRead MoreHow to Write a Lab Report in Microbiology1637 Words   |  7 PagesWRITE AN UNKNOWN LAB REPORT IN MICROBIOLOGY GENERAL Unknown reports in microbiology are written in scientific format. Scientific writing is written differently from other types of writing. The results of the exercise or experiment are what are being showcased, not the writing. The purpose of scientific writing is not to entertain, but to inform. The writing should be simple and easy to understand. There is a specific style that must be followed when writing scientific reports. ScientificRead MoreMicroscope Lab Essay701 Words   |  3 Pages Virtual Lab Unit 3 1. Briefly describe the steps required to  aseptically  transfer bacteria from an unknown to a tube of liquid broth.   You might have to research this using the T button (Tell Me More About...) To aseptically transfer bacteria from an unknown to a tube of liquid broth you have to flame the loop or wire before you begin to sterilize it. You then remove the caps from the tubes and flame the mouths of the tubes to prevent air-borne contamination. When all this is done, you have

Internet Of Things Affect Security Privacy â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Internet Of Things Affect Security Privacy? Answer: Introduction A lot of buzz has been around IoT over last year. All types of devices are connected to the internet. A smart home is defined as a building or residence which has equipment that can operate and control from other locations, with the help of smart devices. A smart home have the controls for multi-media, lighting, security, temperature, door and window operations, and other functions. A smart homes include devices which provide security, energy efficiency, comfort, enhances intelligent living and convenience. Device interacts and connects with others and constructs a secured ecosystem. The system of solar roof top is an example for the system of automated home, which charge the battery and performs like an inverter for requirements. The smart home ecosystem consists of group of connected devices having intelligence which supports people in performing task and helps in taking necessary decisions. The smart home introduces change to transform the way of life and work. Simultaneously, it reduces the consumption of energy. Remote patient monitoring, home appliances, solar rooftops, aircon and electric controls, metering, vehicle charging, health, fitness apparatus, entertainment, and other connected devices are some examples which are the part of the smart home. The main objective of this report is to discuss about the IoT. The IoT devices will be identified and discussed. The issues in security, connectivity and privacy will be discussed. The suitable solutions will be provided for these issues. The devices of IoT, its functionality and cost will be included. The various applications of IoT will be described. The architecture and technologies for internet of things will be evaluated. IoT devices IoT is the network of vehicles, physical devices, and buildings via connectivity of network that can be remotely monitored and controlled. Voice Controller It controls voice without taking out people's smartphone. IoT Light Controllers IoT Light controllers is nothing but smart lighting. It is just more than on and off of the lights and without any physically touch of the switch. It is the intelligent controllers and wireless installation. The purpose of this is not only switching the lights on and off, but it supports dimming and gives improved functionality control. It provides the base for the emerging applications of Internet of Things. It is reliable, increases the efficiency of energy, satisfies with the trends of industry regulation and optimizes ROI. The indoor security camera for protecting the home. The device is able to use with home automation. It is responsible for controlling air conditioning and home's heating. It executes the functions, as the programmable thermostat permits the users to control the temperature. The major issue with internet of things devices is their manufacturers, to implement the security. The devices such as cameras that have the security monitoring are equipped with fundamental software, which is not able to be updated. Because of increasing awareness, smarter internet of things devices are able to develop the present standards of security with updates of periodic firmware. Most of the internet ready devices are not able to be integrated into the protections of software and hardware, where companies secure themselves in opposition to web based attacks. The variation of modern internet ready devices take a magnitude of modern data traffic, the network should be protected and handled by the departments of IT. However, it is complex by the variation of protocols, which is utilized by different kinds of devices. IT consumerization is the extra aspect, because of the enhancing permeable borders which is in between the devices for business and for personal usage. The new chal lenges appear like, categorization of new device such as smart watches which interacts with online. Suppose, the personal device is affected with the malware, it is able to utilize and obtain wreak havoc and foothold ("IoT Security-Issues, Challenges and Solutions - Internet Of Things Wiki", 2017). Consumption of Power The IoT devices sends and signals the information in-between the other devices, requires CPU consumption and toll on power. The minimal consumption of power and battery drain is also crucial along with communication. Presence detection of IoT devices It provides exact information. It provides capability to monitor the devices of IoT and fixes the issues that occur in the network. Consumption of Bandwidth Consumption of bandwidth is the challenge, for the connectivity of internet of things. Cellular network bandwidth is expansive, especially with thousands of the devices of IoT that sends responses or responds to the server, on the network. Solution for Security The new mechanism for the security is needed. For security purpose, the internet of things introduces extra complexity. In the network, companies are requested to monitor the traffic information from and to the IoT devices. In today's IT environment, the solutions which is not IT based are not sufficient. Because, the apps and the users are not contained inside the network company ("IoT Solutions | PTC", 2017). Solution for Connectivity 4.2.1 Support of premium The technology of silex supports the software and hardware from the design via deployment. The experts are able to help every step of the implementation, from the evaluation via production of mass. Thus, it ensures to get into the market rapidly, with the IoT connected solutions. 4.2.2 Wireless Expertise The technology of silex modules give embedded wireless connectivity, for IoT devices of smart home and connected machines. The technology of silex has proven that, technology management and expertise is required to power the application of IoT. 4.2.3 Qualcomm Atheros ADC The technology of silex utilizes Qualcomm Atheros Wi-Fi silicon, to generate ease the development of IoT solutions. It has access to support and design data. Applications of IoT in agriculture Demand of food supply is enhanced due to increasing population in the world. The government helps the farmers to utilize the improved research and technology, to enhance the production of food. In IoT, one of the rapid growing field is smart farming. The farmers are utilizing significant awareness from the information to get well return on the investment. The uses of IoT in agriculture, includes water usage control for the growth of plants, evaluating custom fertilizer and sensing for nutrients and soil moisture (Kashyap, 2017). Applications of IoT in Healthcare The system of connected healthcare and devices of smart medical concept carry extensive potential for the people well beings and companies. The IoT in healthcare is focused at enabling the people to live healthy life, using connected devices. The self-possessed information will support in customized analysis of people's health. Application of IoT in Wearable The devices are inserted with software and sensors that gather information about the consumers. Recently, the data is pre-processed to withdraw sufficient insights about the consumers. It widely covers the requirements of entertainment, fitness and health. The requirements from IoT technology for the applications of wearable devices is extremely energy productive. Applications of IoT in Connected Cars It is a vehicle that can make the most effective use of its own function. The passengers comfort and maintenance is by using internet connectivity and onboard sensors. Applications of IoT in Smart Home It becomes the revolutionary ladder for the success in the well-being spaces and it is identified as smart home become as popular as smartphones. The products in smart home saves energy, money and time. Actuators, controllers and sensors are inserted in the devices like fridge, washing machine, fan, and microwave and air conditioner in several home. In Turkey, they apply he applications in home, to solve many issues. The smart home application can detect fires, monitor home remotely, secure home from the thefts, control device like air conditioners and heaters from the remote device, like phone or computer or tablets. Architecture for IoT It has two perspectives. The three layers are considered in first perspective and five layers are considered in second perspective. It is also referred as transmission layer. It is able to transfer the information of streaming sensor, to the next layer from physical device. It is able to transmit the information to the device of application, through the processing system data or through the layer of infrastructure. It comprises the network of internet and merges communication network i.e., centre of information, centre of network management etc. The layer of infrastructure It usually denotes to Platform as a Service, Software as a Service and Infrastructure as a Service. Several elements of infrastructure are present. Five Layer Architecture It is also known as layer of device. It comprises of sensor device and physical objects. The role of the layer of perception is collecting features of physical object like, motion, location, temperature, acceleration and humidity. The layer of network It is also known as layer of transport. It means information transmission may be wireless or wired. The technology can be 3G, Z-wave, Wi-Fi, etc. Its fundamental task is transportation. The layer of middleware It is also referred as the layer of processing. It is responsible for analyzing, processing and storing the data objects that, retrieve from the layer of network and connects to the database. The layer of application The implemented IoT application is logistics, smart home, smart health, smart city etc. The layer of business It is like the IoT manager. Management involves relevant model of system, services and applications. Technologies in IoT It can be divided into technologies of network acquisition and data Acquisition. Technology of Data Acquisition Due to the rapid growth in internet, computer software and hardware, Sensor, the communication of mobile have improved, to increase the Services. Technology of RFID It includes communication of data in between the RFID tags and device Readers. It is the standard technology that is utilized by the constructors. Sensor To describe the device and objects, sensors are used. The various types of sensors are digital sensor, biosensor and active pixel sensor. Technologies of Network Acquisition The principle network is WSN, which allows things to form communication with others. Z-Wave It is the technology of wireless interconnection, which permits spreading to more entities from management entity in the network. It comprises of infrastructure, layer of application and architecture network. It is the technology of wireless network formed for small sensor degree. The protocol involves layer of network, layer of application and layer of architecture. Conclusion The devices used in smart homes is identified and discussed. The features and functionality of the devices which permit people to control and monitor each. Along with everything from, thermostat on the wall to crockpot, which is on the kitchen right from the business-law. Some challenges must be addressed, which involves efficient and safe communication between the devices. Then, the device that sends and stores large quantity of data, and that helps to secure the privacy are explained. The issues like control, security, connectivity, privacy and usage are evaluated. The potential solutions for these issues are provided. The existing and developing architectural technologies for the internet of things are evaluated. The different applications of the internet of things are evaluated and described. References Elmogy, M. (2017). Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.ijcse.net/docs/IJCSE15-04-06-040.pdf Examples of IoT accounting Software. (2017).Mendix. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.mendix.com/examples-of-iot-applications/ Internet of Things Technology and Protocols. (2017).www.tutorialspoint.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.tutorialspoint.com/internet_of_things/internet_of_things_technology_and_protocols.htm IoT Connectivity Solutions | Silex Technology America. (2017).Silexamerica.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://silexamerica.com/campaign/iot-connectivity-solutions/ IoT Security-Issues, Challenges and Solutions - Internet Of Things Wiki. (2017).Internet Of Things Wiki. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://internetofthingswiki.com/iot-security-issues-challenges-and-solutions/937/ IoT Solutions | PTC. (2017).Ptc.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.ptc.com/en/internet-of-things/solutions Kashyap, S. (2017).10 Real World Applications of Internet of Things (IoT) - Explained in Videos.Analytics Vidhya. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.analyticsvidhya.com/blog/2016/08/10-youtube-videos-explaining-the-real-world-applications-of-internet-of-things-iot/ Meola, A. (2017).How the Internet of Things will affect security privacy.Business Insider. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.com/internet-of-things-security-privacy-2016-8?IR=T Meola, A. (2017).Internet of Things devices, applications examples. Business Insider. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.businessinsider.com/internet-of-things-devices-applications-examples-2016-8?IR=T Mitchell, R. (2017).The Internet of Things at home: 14 smart products compared.Computerworld. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.computerworld.com/article/2490341/consumerization/the-internet-of-things-at-home--14-smart-products-compared.html Razani, A., Curry, D., Curry, D., Power, D., Razani, A., Saring, J. (2017).IoT and problems: The issues that bedevil any new tech.ReadWrite. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://readwrite.com/2016/07/14/iot-and-problems-the-concerns-that-arise-with-iot-pt2/ Roe, D. (2017).7 Big Problems with the Internet of Things.CMSWire.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.cmswire.com/cms/internet-of-things/7-big-problems-with-the-internet-of-things-024571.php The 10 most popular Internet of Things applications right now. (2017).Iot-analytics.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://iot-analytics.com/10-internet-of-things-applications/ Top 50 Internet of Things Applications - Ranking | Libelium. (2017).Libelium.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.libelium.com/resources/top_50_iot_sensor_applications_ranking/ What is the Internet of Things? | IoT Technology | SAP. (2017).SAP. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.sap.com/india/trends/internet-of-things.html Zones, D., Zones, D., Zone, A., Zone, A., Guide, T. (2017).2017 IoT Products | Overview of the Most Popular Smart Home Devices.Postscapes.com. Retrieved 22 September 2017, from https://www.postscapes.com/internet-of-things-award/winners/

Organizational Structure Paper free essay sample

The selected organization for the topic is AAA Remodeling AAA Remodeling is a construction company that focuses on remodeling of residential homes along with weatherization on commercial and residential buildings. Description of organizational structure of AAA remodeling will be given. Two other organizational structures will be selected for the use of contrast and comparison. The organizational functions of the various structures will be identified to determine influence on the organizational structure. Explanation of organization design aids in the effort in choosing which structure will work best for AAA Remodeling AAA Remodeling is a construction company who provides full-service home remodeling services. It is a small business with about ten employees (Martin, 2011). It is a locally owned and operated family business with over 15 years of experience. They offer quality construction and home improvement services and products at affordable prices, and are dedicated to making remodeling project an exciting one by working with you from start to finish There is the CEO/Owner, office staff, laborers, and HVAC team (Martin, 2011). We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Structure Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The organizational structure is the administration, human resources, and production department (Martin, 2011). The administration includes the owner and a bookkeeper whom is responsible for payroll and financial. The human resource department is in charge of employees training and hiring (Martin, 2011). The production department includes all laborers (Martin, 2011). The HVAC team is responsible for heating and cooling jobs. The business is small but very functional. Two other businesses are selected to show comparison and contrast. The first business selected is Anderson Mobile Homes. Anderson Mobile Homes is a manufactured home dealer (Martin, 2011). The company exists of about 30 employees (Martin, 2011). The business is comparable to AAA Remodeling based on size. The organizational structure is administration, human resource, productions, sales and marketing, and finance (Martin, 2011). The administration department consists of owner and managers (Martin, 2011). The human resource department is responsible for training and hiring employees. The human resource department is similar to that of AAA Remodeling. The production department is the laborers in which set and place the mobile homes after purchase (Martin, 2011). The sales and marketing department is used to market different ad campaigns along with sales the mobile homes that are on site (Martin, 2011). The finance department is used for accounts receivable and payable (Martin, 2011). This structure is different compared to AAA Remodeling because the structuring in AAA Remodeling uses the administration department to complete same task. The next company used for comparison and contrast is Mesa Construction. Mesa Construction is a construction company focus on new construction in southern New Mexico (Martin, 2011). The company has about 50 employees and 420 plus members in the BIA approximately one-third are licensed builders and the remaining members are subcontractors, suppliers of materials, and providers of services. All of the members have a vested interest in the success of home building in our community. They all work together to provide the communitys housing A fourteen-member board of directors, a five-member executive committee, and executive officer manage the BIA. There are 16 committees, task forces, forums, and councils. The BIAs activities are planned and managed by volunteer members and a staff of five. The BIAs purpose is to protect the American dream of home ownership. They have the following mission statement: Chartered in 1959, the Building Industry of Southern New Mexico is comprised of members of the building industry and its affiliates. As the voice of the building industry, we serve our members and the community by:Â  Promoting balanced economic development; providing education; and promoting professionalism. (Martin, 2011). The organizational structure is administration, human resources, finance, production, and sales and marketing (Martin, 2011). The organization structure is similar of Anderson Mobile Homes but different than AAA remodeling. The administration accompanies the CEO, vice president, and managers. The human resource department is responsible for training and recruitment of employees (Martin, 2011). The finance department of the organization is responsible for accounts receivable and payable (Martin, 2011). The production is filled with different level laborers responsible of building of new homes (Martin, 2011). The sales and marketing department is responsible for sales and marketing new homes (Martin, 2011). Each company has similarities and differences in the organizational structure. The different size companies show how organizational structures play a huge part of the companys success. AAA remodeling organizational functions influence and determine the organizational structure. The various task needed to run a business is separated into different departments. The departments represent the organizational structure. Because of the company selected small number of employees the organizational structure is smaller than other companies. Each organizational structure is responsible for different task. The organizational structure of the human resource department is an example. The human resource department has to assure there is recruitment of skilled employees to fit into open positions. The departments also have to ensure that proper training is existent to ensure new and existing employees success in his or her position. If there human resource structure was not available then the function of the responsibilities would be lead by a different structure in which could cause an issue with effectiveness and efficiency When looking into various organizational designs, compatibility is a must for AAA Remolding. First the company is a small business. To use each employee to the fully to save on cost is a priority. So the organizational structure must be able to categorized task base on the company size. Spreading the employees to thin, such as one person per structure is not feasible. The services that AAA Remodeling uses such as remodeling and weatherization has to be considered. The two different teams are experienced in different but similar construction services. So it would be feasible to create an organizational structure that promoted both teams. The organizational structure can use the design capability of setting boundaries. The design used will initiate boundaries and responsibilities for each structure. Using boundaries can create an organized company in which each structure works to meet a common goal. In summary AAA Remodeling was the organization chosen. The organizational structure of the company is currently administration, human resources, and production department The organizational structure was compared with two similar but different companies of Anderson Mobile Homes and Mesa Construction. All three companies were previously or currently worked by myself. The organizational structures of each company was compared and contrasted. The organizational functions of each organizational structure was identified. So function was the main idea behind the various structures at AAA Remodeling. The organizational design of compatibility, services, and boundaries was examined. The organizational design influences the type of organizational structure will meet the common effort of everyone meeting the goal of the business.

Is Dungannon at the higher end of the settlement hierarchy than Coalisland Essay Example

Is Dungannon at the higher end of the settlement hierarchy than Coalisland Essay For my geography coursework I am going to compare two towns. The two towns in which I will compare are Dungannon and Coalisland which are based in Northern Ireland. The reason as to why I am comparing these two towns is that they are in my local area. The purpose of my coursework is to find out which settlement would be higher up the settlement hierarchy. I plan to find out if Dungannon is overall a most important settlement than Coalisland. To do this I will investigate Dungannon and Coalisland by using a series of hypothesis.The settlement hierarchy is the placing of settlements in order of importance. Three ways in which find the importance of a town are:* Population size* Shops and Services* Sphere of InfluenceThere are many other ways in which you can use to find the importance of a town and I plan to investigate them by using my hypothesis.CoalislandCoalisland is a mall town in County Tyrone in Northern Ireland. It has a population size of 4917 people (in the 2001 census). The name of this town suggests that it was involved with the coal industry. This is indeed true as Coalisland had its very own coal industry as it was formerly a centre for coal mining. Coalisland was also very well known for its coalfields.Coalisland was served by a canal. It was built in 1733 and opened in 1787. The canal was mainly used to transport the goods made in Coalisland to nearby coal pits. Many goods such as clay pipes, coal and corn were produced in Coalisland. These goods were then transported to many places such as Dublin, Newry, Belfast and Lisburn. The canal became a trading depot for those who lived nearby. Coalisland had influenced many people to come and trade in it as it was doing so well within in its industries and as large quantities of general merchandise could be imported and exported with ease. The canal finally closed in 1946 as they used Lorries as a better method of transport for their goods. This was because Lorries could transport the goods much faster an d safer. In 1954 the canal was officially abandoned and had a relegated status as a drainage ditch. The closure of the canal was a huge downfall for Coalisland as it stopped all connections from trading to a lot of other industries.Coalisland railway station was opened on the 28th of July 1897 and closed for passenger traffic on the 16th of January 1956. As for the goods traffic which opened on the 5th of October, it finally closed down on the 1st of April in 1965. Today there are no remains of that railway, other than the bridge on the Derry road, an old goods shed and also grown over platforms.The education today in Coalisland is at its best. There are many schools in Coalisland. The primary schools are:* Primate Dixon* St. Johns* Gaelscoil Ui NeillGaelscoil Ui Neill is an Irish primary school. There is only one secondary school in Coalisland and it is called St. Josephs College and has been open for over 40 years.Coalisland had a good history of sport especially in football. Coal island Na Fianna is the local Gaelic Athletic Association club. Dennis Taylor originated from Coalisland as well and comedian Peter Kays mother came from Coalisland also.Many things have changed in Coalisland today form when it first grew up. The canal has now been partly built over and has some shops on top. The corn mill in Coalisland is now the Local heritage centre and the coal mines are now all closed off due to the fact that coal is longer being produced in Coalisland and the town has found many other ways to keep it profitable. Coalisland now consists of many convience stores and two supermarkets. There are also many hair-dressers and clothes shops as well.Coalisland has also very good accessibility today as the roads are good to travel on. Coalisland is roughly 3miles off the M1 Motorway and is about 40miles from Belfast. Coalisland is South West of Lough Neagh and is about 5miles from Dungannon.Coalisland Corn mill 1930 Coalisland Heritage CentreCoalisland Canal in 2003Dung annonAt one stage Dungannon was the Capital of Ireland in the early 1600s due to Hugh O Neill being situated here. Dungannon is situated on top of a hill. The O Neills had built a castle on this hill as it acted as a good defence for the town. Dungannon was the main stronghold of the O Neills from the 14th Century until the Plantation of Ulster. All traces of the O Neills fort on the hill has gone but the name is recalled in The Fort Bar in Scotch street.Dungannon used to be well known for being a market town, but now all of that has changed as it is now mainly a trading town. Dungannon has a population of 12,000 people. It contains many shops and services. It also has many entertainment venues, swimming pools, cinemas, pubs and bars not like in Coalisland.Dungannon is also South West of Lough Neagh and is 5miles from Coalisland. Dungannon isnt that far away from the M1 Motorway. This has increased the trading percentage in Dungannon by a lot and has influenced other department stor es and industries to trade in here.Dungannon had at one time, a linen industry but it has now been replaced by textile industries and glassworks. There are many popular industries in and out of Dungannon. For instance Tyrone Crystal attracts a lot of tourists into Dungannon. Another industry with is situated in Dungannon is Tyrone Brick. It first produced brick form the clay made in Coalisland.Today in the town centre of Dungannon you would find many department stores and some convience stores. There are many jewellery shops, clothes shops, corner shops, hairdressers and restaurants in Dungannon. Dungannon is also the third largest town in County Tyrone.This is the Castle Ruins todayOn the following page you will see a map. It includes the location of my two study areas which are in Northern Ireland. My study areas are Dungannon and Coalisland.Aims of my CourseworkThe aim of my geography coursework is to study and investigate two local towns within Northern Ireland. These two towns are Dungannon and Coalisland. The main reason as to why I chose to study these two towns is because they are situated in my local area. I live in the town of Coalisland and it is where I go to school. Dungannon is the nearest large town where I would go to shop for clothes and other high order goods. During my piece of coursework I studied a very important topic. This topic was on settlement. In this topic you learn about settlement hierarchies i.e., some towns within a region will be of more importance due to the fact of it having a larger population and a greater number of shops and services in it. As a class we all have decided to base our investigation around the topic of settlement hierarchies and so we will compare Dungannon and Coalisland.The aim of my coursework investigation is to prove that towns with a bigger population and surface area are higher up the settlement hierarchy. These towns will also have a wider range of shops and services. Towns like these will have a bigg er sphere of influence than other towns.In order to carry out this investigation, I have developed three hypotheses to help me do so.They are as follows:1) Dungannon has a larger population and surface area than Coalisland.2) Dungannon is a more accessible shopping town than Coalisland.3) Dungannon has a larger sphere of influence than Coalisland.MethodologyDuring class, having discussed the hypothesis for this coursework, we had to decide how we were going to collect the data and information that we needed in order to prove each hypothesis.Some of the information which we need was as follows:* Area size of each town.* The distances people travelled to a shop.* If the people came to buy high order or low order goods.* Where the people lived and shopped in each of the towns.* The population figures for each town.* The method in which the people travelled.* How often people shopped for high order and low order goods.There was two main way in which I needed to collect the necessary inf ormation. The first main way was from primary sources. This is just were you personally, collect the information you need yourself in each town. The second main way was from secondary sources. This is just information you get like on the internet, which has been already collected for you. This kind of information is as what you can say as second-hand information. You can get more secondary information from libraries, local newspapers, local council, tourist information, the population census for Northern Ireland and so on.In order to gather the primary information our class decided on making a questionnaire for each of the towns. We also decided on carrying out a survey of the number of shops and services found in each of the towns.The questions are as follows:1. What is the name of the town or village where you live?This question is asked to help us find out the towns sphere of influence.Less than 1 mile1-2 miles2-5 milesMore than 5 miles2. How far did you travel to come here?This was asked in our survey to help us calculate the actual sphere of influence of each of the towns telling us how far people are willing to ravel to a town for some low order goods such as bread and milk and also high order goods like furniture and clothes.WalkCarBusOther3. How did you travel here?This question was asked because it lets us know how people travel and what ways of transport they would use most often.4. Would you come to this town to only buy or use the following services?Milk/BreadYes/NoNewspaperYes/NoClothesYes/NoShoesYes/NoFurnitureYes/NoElectrical goodsYes/NoPost OfficeYes/NoSolicitorYes/NoThis question tells you what people mostly tend to buy in each of the two towns. It tells you whether they use they town to shop for higher order or low order goods and this also shows the importance of the town.5. What are the three main goods/services you use this town for?GroceriesNewspaperPost OfficeClothesEntertainmentHousehold goodsBankingThis again shows what each of the tow ns is mostly used for and it also can tell you which town would have better shops and services.6. Have you come here today for any particular reason?Again this question tells you what each of the towns is used for helping you to find out the importance of each of the towns.Thursday the 25th of September was the day in which we decided to carry out our survey investigation. Thursday the 25th was the chosen date for when we were to carry out our investigation because Thursday was near the weekend. This meant that the town would be very busy as people would be out doing their weekly shopping and probably out sorting out their business. In Dungannon, every Thursday is a traditional flower market day, which would bring a lot of people into the town for grocery shopping etc.We travelled into Dungannon by bus. We left our school at approximately 9.30am. Once we arrived in Dungannon we were put into groups of two. The first thing we did was take a survey of the number of shops and services in the town. We walked through the main shopping area of Dungannon called Market Square, making a tally of the shops and services as we past them. We then continued along some streets of the town.These streets are as follows:* Irish Street* Church Street* William Street* John Street* Thomas Street* Scotch StreetThere is a map included in my Geography coursework and these streets in which I have surveyed are located in this map of Dungannon.The second main thing we done, was to go to our positions on the streets any carry out the investigation. These positions could be like Menarys, Boots chemist, Woolworths, Peacocks, Tescos, Birthdays and Sainsburys.As a class we took a sample of 100 people. The reason for this was that we could easily change our results into percentages. Whilst carrying out our questionnaire we asked every third person as this is what youre meant to do when doing a questionnaire to make your results more accurate.During the afternoon we repeated the above process in Coalisland. The streets in which we did out questionnaire on are:* Main Street* The Square* Dungannon Road* Lineside* Washingbay Road* Barrack Street.When we were carrying out the questionnaire we stood outside some shops such as Sulivans, The Jet, Spring Island, Mc Glincheys, Landis, Taxi service, The Charity Shop and so on.Whilst doing our investigation in each town we took some sketches and some pictures, showing how our investigation looked in process.Dungannon has a larger surface area and population than Coalisland.In this hypothesis my class and I want to find out two pieces of information about each of the towns we are studying, Dungannon and CoalislandThese two pieces of information are:1. Population of each town.2. Area of each town.The reason as to why I want this information is so that I can find out which of the two towns, Dungannon and Coalisland, will be further up the settlement hierarchy. I expect that for a town to be higher up the settlement hierarchy it would have to have a greater area and have a larger population than the other town. This would make it a more important town than the other. I expect that Dungannon would be higher up the settlement hierarchy as it would have far more shops and services in it, bringing a lot of people into the town whereas Coalisland would have fewer shops and services in it bringing less people into the town than in Dungannon.This information can be collected from secondary sources i.e. from the internet, books and the local council.I used a website called www.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/ to help me obtain the information in which I need to find the population of each town. The website gives many statistics on local town, villages and cities that are in your area in Northern Ireland. A population census is also given within each of these towns. From this information I am able to observe the population for Dungannon and Coalisland in the 2001 census. The results are given as follows in the table below:Population t able for each townDungannonCoalisland11,1394,917I have displayed these population figures on a bar chart which is just below:Interpretation of resultsAfter observing the information from my bar chart you can clearly see that Dungannon obviously has a bigger population then Coalisland, by a large amount. Dungannon has a population of 11,139 people and Coalisland has a population of 4,917 people in the 2001 census.Area of Dungannon and CoalislandAs a class we came to the conclusion that we would expect that a town with a larger population (Dungannon: 11,139), would have a larger area than a town with a smaller population (Coalisland: 4,917), because there will be more shops, offices and houses etc in that town.MethodHow to find out the area of each townWe needed to find out the actual surface area of Dungannon and Coalislands town centre. In order to do this we needed individual maps of each of the two towns. We obtained planning maps from the Northern Ireland Planning Service in Omag h. These two maps are showing on pages and As you can see from the maps the boundary line it highlighted in a dark black line. The next step was to measure the area. To do this I got tracing paper and put it over the maps, I traced the boundary line and then placed it over a page with grid squares. After that I had to count the number of squares inside each of the boundary lines of each town. Using the scale on each map I was able to easily work out the area of each town centre. There calculations are given in the following tables.Results for Coalisland Town Centre Results of Dungannon Town CentreScale 1.5cm = 30metresMap scale = 3cm to 100mEach square = 100 x 100= 10,000m2Total squares = 48 full20 half (i.e. 10 full squares)= 48 + 10= 58 squaresArea = 58 x 10,000m2Area of DungannonTown = 580,000m2CentreTotal Squares = 168 full and 40 half.= 40/2= 20 full squares= 168 + 20= 188 full squares= 188 x 900m2= 169,200m2Area of CoalislandTown = 169,200m2CentreEach square = 30m x 30m = 9 00m2Summary TableTownArea in m2Dungannon580,000 m2Coalisland169,200 m2Interpretation of my resultsAs you can see by observation Dungannon has a larger area than Coalisland. My bar chart also tells you that Dungannon has even more than twice the area of Coalisland. The reason as to why Dungannon has a larger area than Coalisland is that it has a larger population. Dungannon has a population of 11,139 people and Coalisland has a population of 4,917 people. With Dungannon having such a large population of 11,139 people, it would have to have a very large surface area to serve its people. This are would include places for car parks, housing, shops and other services which help to provide the towns people with what they may need.This is exactly what I had expected and therefore it proved my hypothesis Dungannon has a larger surface area and population than Coalisland right.

Management Empowerment Essay Example

Management Empowerment Essay Example Management Empowerment Essay Example Management Empowerment Essay Example Empowerment has been used all over the world by different groups of people. That is why it has been used as a major topic of discussion in this essay. Women, for instance, have empowered themselves by learning a lot through social networking sites. Here, they are exposed to so much information about an environment around them. In the year 2013, women started an online campaign with a hundred of advocates opposing various pages on Facebook that was spreading hatred towards them. Their plea was successful since the pages were brought down. During and after colonialism, the blacks in America were able to empower themselves. They claimed the employment, as opposed to slavery, so that they could entirely depend on themselves. This made them confident in themselves. They were able to claim for their independence. This shows that empowerment is used all over the world. This is a main reason as to why it has been used as a basis of this essay. It has been discussed in all aspects to ensure t hat it is thoroughly discussed. At the end of the essay, recommendations have also been made as to how this concept of empowerment can be used to make the world a better place. Empowerment is used by various people in the world on different arenas. The term can be applied to mean giving power and authority to people who previously have not had it. The reason for this is that they may do and make decisions by themselves. This word can also mean giving the permission to certain people to do something. The different forms of empowerment that exist are economic, political, cultural, human, and social ones. Empowerment of people has caused great changes in the society around us. They are very important. It is because when one is given the authority, he/she is able to influence major decisions in their environment as well as dictate a course most activities are going to follow. Management Empowerment Does It Work Some discussions may not make any sense to some groups of people. It is because they might seem to be not important and irrelevant to their current positions. However, a discussion of issues and the determination of their importance should not be based on the perspectives of an individual. Instead, it should be based on the general knowledge, the sense that the issue makes as well as the past experience of the same. It is the cause why the following part of the essay has been provided. Apart from discussing the issue itself, there is a need to discuss its importance. Over the years, it is clear that the definition of empowerment has always changed. Some scholars claim that it may mean licensing, warranting, or commissioning. It causes a lot of attention from scholars that are also interested in the issue. Firstly, it is essential to talk over the importance of this issue in the business world, with reference to the meanings that have been outlined above. These meanings basically symb olize enabling and permitting people to conduct certain activities. It excludes a definition that mentions power. The world includes a lot of people that are seeking for employment. It is because everybody wants to finish the studies and get a well-paid job. The reason behind this is that most education systems train their students on the importance of advancing in a basic career. Therefore, the only real power that people receive from such systems is the education itself ( Hugman Smith, 1995). Through a research and experience, it is clear that the most financially successful people are in the business world. It is because it is a world that has the ability to permanently transform the financial lives of individuals. It is especially in such a way if they are interested in the same. Nevertheless, there are a lot of issues that go along with the starting of businesses. One challenge is legislation. There are a lot of people whose efficiency and potential to do business are limited by the laws in their respective countries. For this reason, there is a need for the world’s governments to analyze the way in which this can be rectified. Empowerment is a key issue, when it comes to this. Any government that has the intention of growing its economy should be willing to invest in empowerment. It is where they give their employees an ability to perform most of the activities that they intend to, especially in business. Therefore, the business context is one that needs a mass ive use of empowerment in any nation. Secondly, oppression is a universal issue. There is the oppression of marginalized groups all over the world. It has been witnessed in most nations for a long period of time. People being supposed to be inferior are oppressed, in terms of the rights and privileges, which they may be pending to get from their respective countries. Nevertheless, there usually the time comes when some individuals in the groups that are being oppressed decide that it should not happen any more. It is especially when they come to learn about their rights. It is another place where empowerment comes into equation. In some contexts, power is not given. Instead, it is taken. For example, the countries which fight for their independence take their power, as opposed to them receiving it from a third party. For this purpose, it is correct to state that individuals have the ability to empower themselves. It is especially if it is an only alternative. The fact that the issue of oppression is a universal one makes it one of the most important problems in the society today. It is because it affects a large number of people. Therefore, the relevance and importance of discussing this topic cannot be undermined. In organizations, whether profit making or not, the importance of empowerment still comes out. It has been the case for a long period of time. Every employee as well as a member of any organization has the own abilities. It means that every one of them gains a different level to which their performance can be expected to reach. However, this essay does not need these variations to be put into the equation. There is a need to put all these factors constant, in a bid to keep the discussion pure. Assuming that all the employees had the same potential, it would be right to make them remain in the positions they have been put on. However, when they are not considered to be different, according to their abilities, the whole new difference is made. Actually, it is a vital difference, owing to the fact that this is an actual situation on the ground. There are some employees that have the ability to perform certain duties more than others. It may have several implications. If an employee perf orms a duty perfectly, it may mean that this employee is mainly suited for this duty. However, if a worker does not perform the obligation well, they may be unsuited for the same. It does not have the meaning that they have to be sacked. A need for any company to separate employees from leaders exists. Some employees do not have the ability to perform specific roles in an organization. However, they may be good managers of other employees. Therefore, the only thing that limits their potential is the lack of empowerment. It is, yet, another area that should be thought of, when empowerment is a major topic of discussion. Religion is another point that requires a lot of empowerment issues. It is because there are some religions that are undermined in some countries. For this reason, governments as well as the leaders of these religions should strive to ensure that they empower these religions and ensure that there is the freedom of worship in their countries. Therefore, the safety of people from different religions creates the importance of empowerment. Gender inequalities have also been witnessed in some places of work as well as positions of power. It is another area where empowerment has been of the utmost importance. The areas to which empowerment applies cannot be exhausted in this essay. It would require a completely new book, owing to the global value that it carries. For these reasons, it is clear that the empowerment concerns the life of almost each person in the world. Therefore, it is an extremely vital and important topic of discussion (Hugman Smith, 1995). Knowledge and Issues Relating to Empowerment Empowerment of people in various sectors is important as well as useful in many ways. It reduces oppression of certain discriminated groups of people. Initially women in the community were not allowed to participate in various activities in the economy. It is because the work was considered to be male oriented. The acceptance of women in these works has caused a great change in the economy. So many inventions have been made from that time and a high productivity noted since there is a great increase in the workforce in the economy. This has caused gender equality between both genders (Martin-Crawford, 1999). Previously men used to look down on women and abuse them because they had seen them as useless and only parasites that depended on them in every way. Women also have gained confidence and talked out when they were oppressed in any way. Empowerment also helps people gain a lot of confidence in them. It ensures that they can be actively involved in decision making processes. Disabled people may be disregarded in terms of their potential and ideas. It is because they are considered to be weak and inferior. The research has proven that a great majority of these people being so disregarded are of the great potential once put to work. This proves that once all of disabled people in a society are utilized the productivity of a place would greatly increase. On the same note, the youth, for a long time, has been disregarded and put on a sideline in our societies. It has caused the idle youth to indulge in illegal and demoralizing activities that destroy most of young lives. Due to these slapdash behaviors, an unreliable generation is created. Hence, the future of our economies is wrecked. The research has shown that the creation of employment for the youth has lead to a great decrease in drug trafficking and drug addiction among young people. Immoral behavior such as prostitution is also seen to decrease drastically in these societies (Wing, 1996). Initially accessing the information about medication and various ailments was a very arduous task for the people being outside the medical profession. Through such a user friendly website as Medline Plus in the United States, patients get a lot of information regarding various ailments. Most of them get appointments with their doctors from the Internet. Various types and names of certain drugs are available online where patients get to learn how to use, on the side effects of these medications, and what to do in case of missed doses. They do not look for a specialist to advice on this. The gaining of information from Medline Plus by citizens of the United States has built their confidence greatly. The research has proven that most people who seek medical advice are those who have gained the information and may know what they are possibly suffering from. Most people who are not enlightened on these data shy away from seeking medical health resulting to their conditions becoming worse (Martin-Crawford, 1999). The empowerment of people in the society who have the unknown potential has brought about a lot of changes in our community today. Some citizens take an advantage of the fact that they are given the power to air out their views and use this freedom to falsely accuse the people of leadership. They frame them with their bad personal motive to bring leaders down. It has caused a fall of a great number of leaders being so unfair. Finally, the state is being left with poor leaders who perform poorly leading the people to their downfall. Wars are also seen to emerge since there are those who fight for justice against the corrupted and unfair ones. These fights sometimes result to great losses and sometimes to numerous deaths. The police, on the other hand, are given the power to shoot whichever suspect of greave crimes they are sure of. It is seen to bring down so many wanted criminals (Lee, 2001). However, it has been witnessed that innocent blood is shed by careless policemen who do not care about civilians in their way to get the suspects. Rather a lot of people have already been killed in result of these carelessness, some are left permanently disabled. Although empowerment is helpful, it can produce counter results if not carried out in the right manner. The empowerment of women has brought about great positive changes in the economic growth. It has also come with negative effects. A lot of attention has been paid to the women that some men are leaving in a sideline to suffer. So many organizations have been put up to help and protect women in case of abuse while so little has been done for men. At most homes, women take an advantage of their position in the society to abuse their husbands. So much energy and recourses have been focused on creating jobs for the youth today. As a result, some sectors in the economy have been neglected. Health sectors are one of neglected areas where no developments are implemented. It results to poor services in hospitals and misinformation of patients that leads to a great increase of a mortality rate. In the United States, education sectors are also one of neglected sectors where funds that are su pposed to pay teachers and sponsor students lack. It has caused a great rate of unemployment of teachers and a great rate of school drop outs. Most of them cannot afford the high school fees (Horrell Johnson, 2008). In the United States, patients have gained a lot of information from Medline Plus. It is good and very helpful to them. Most people gain confidence to consult doctors from the information they acquire. This information has, however, brought about negative results too. Most people think that they have enough information to determine the disease they are ailing by looking at the symptoms they have. It has resulted to people administering the wrong medication to them, since the disease they think they have is not real. A large number of people have died or caused a permanent malfunctioning of some parts of their bodies. It is for consuming unwanted substances in their bodies. There are other ways, in which empowered people have used their power to a great disadvantage. This is due to the lack of the proper information and advice on how to deal and handle their newly acquired power. Therefore, it is vital that empowerment is done for the right people and the acquired power used wisely. I t is because power has an ability to build or destroy (Pastor, 1996). Application of the Knowledge on Empowerment There are so many people with the knowledge on empowerment in the society today. These people should make it their obligation to educate the others in the society suffering due to the lack of knowledge about their potential and a place in the society. They should also strive and mobilize people to put up self-help groups where people with the same gift come together and start businesses based on their gift and talent. One can also start up an organization where people can seek advice on how to start up businesses. Though the difference made by individuals may seem so insignificant, it changes a lot after some time. Its effect is gradual but very necessary (Houtzagers, 1999). Empowerment of employees also enhances a good exchange of ideas among the employees as well as an employer. Therefore, it brings up better ways to manage organizations. It is because the employees feel free to communicate their views and suggestions, since they also participate in a decision making process of the organization. Empowerment of people in the society is also very important. The empowerment that they may question their leaders about also helps in improving the productivity in the society. The leaders of these places always strive to give their best in all their work. It is to impress them and make sure that they are not thrown out of their current power positions (Blanchard Randolph, 1999). Once a person in an oppressed group gets knowledge on how they can empower themselves, he or she is able to lead the others to fight for their rights. Most oppressed races only need an enlightened individual to lead them to a better life by only claiming for their rights. The people like Audrey Henderson are an example of people in the society. They have dedicated so much in helping people exploit their potential, hence, empowering them. All over the United States, she has initiated so many projects and overseen that they are successful, especially in Chicago. She has connected so many industries to international standards that their progress is so high and notable. It is a live, specific and realistic example of how people can use empowerment as an instrumental tool to make the lives better of other people around them. Audrey proves that this is not an issue that only exists on paper. Instead it can be applied on an actual ground and yield better results than most of the activities considered productive for any organization. It is just one in a million examples of how people have used the tool of empowerment. They have applied it for increasing the productivity of their various organizations (Pastor, 1996). New and high quality products have come up in the market due to the introduction of new and better ideas in the market by the youth. Their vibrant and energetic young people are always moving to make and create better products that will have a wide market and a very high demand. Therefore, it is clear that empowerment should be applied on a younger generation. It is because they are always the ones with the least power and influence. It causes them to have limited abilities, according to the capacities that they are asked to serve. Administrators of organizations and nations should give the youth a chance to show their capabilities (Turner, 1996). This is an endeavor that can ensure a complete success of different organizations in the world. It may as well guarantee that there are many creativities as well as the generation of new ideas all over the world. It gains an ability transforming the whole global market into a successful venture to people from all walks of life. Few of of the most essential people all over the world are not recognized for their work. This research has taken much interest to discuss them. The people that ensure the security of individuals are surely in this list. The army and police of some countries are unable to carry out their work well since they are not allowed to carry out some practices. It limits them and makes them inefficient in their work. Some of these activities they are not allowed to do is to short once they identify a suspect of greave crimes. Some of the police even die while being in the line of duty and avoiding mistakes of shooting the wanted suspect. Allowing these policemen to carry out their duty by shooting once they are sure of the suspect will really help in making them more efficient. It will protect them from unnecessary deaths (Houtzagers, 1999). Implications of the Issues Studied on OB, Organization, and Stakeholders The past experiences as well as the deductions that may be created from the various materials that were used may be of great value in the development of issues in this research. However, the most important part to the society is that of application. The needs to guarantee the applications of the issue to organizational behavior, organizations, as well as the stakeholders of these organizations, exist. This is in a bid to show the relevance of the same one to the present world. First, it is important to note the fact that the general productivity of an organization is improved by the use of empowerment (Lee, 2001). The organizational behavior of the company whose employees are frequently empowered is proven to be excellent and efficient for their set purpose. The research that has been carried out above has proved that the gifting of members of an organization with an opportunity to perform higher duties increases their productivity. It is because it boosts their ego, doubles their ef forts, and increases the work that they have to do. It could seem to be a bad thing to the employees. It is because it represents more work. However, the promotion has to be accompanied by a better pay. Therefore, this employee feels more appreciated and gives his or her best to the organization. It is conclusive to say that the general workforce of any organization is increased through the empowerment of employees (Turner, 1996). Apart from employees, there are other stakeholders in the organization. For example, there are partners, business associates, suppliers, customers as well as many others. When empowerment occurs in the organization, it shows the need that the company places in the enablement of people that may seem to be inferior to others. It is an act that cannot be hidden from the world. Therefore, it can be an important tool in boosting the name of the company. Many the international companies and also the local humanitarian organizations would like to be associated with the same company. It is because it shows the respect it has to humanity on a public platform. For customers, it is clear that they would also be some of beneficiaries of empowerment. It is because the productivity of the organization is increased. It means the increased utility in the goods that the customers receive. This utility is in terms of the value of products, a method of delivery as well as the time, in which the product is delivered to customers. Therefore, any customer would wish to continue the association with this organization (Hugman Smith, 1995). Thus, it is evident that many stakeholders of the company stand to benefit from all the efforts that the organization would undertake to empower its employees. Apart from organizations, it is clear that other groups of people around the world support benefiting from the power of empowerment. Experience as well as expert advice has proven this to a large extent. There are people, businesses, groups, and organizations that have given a credit to the power of empowerment. They have always used it in their day to day activities. However, there are others that have not yet discovered the miracles that can be performed by the same. These are the persons for whom this part is meant. All successful firms should use this as a tool to achieve greater heights. Governments around the world should seek to empower their citizens. Where it is not possible, the citizens should choose to empower themselves. A lot of ways exist, in which persons can empower themselves. The formation of empowerment groups is also vital in ensuring that all involved are given the power that they need to reach certain heights. With the achievement of this, the general productivity in most areas of the world can be increased. It would mean fewer and fewer problems. Such issues as hunger and famine would be the things left in the past. It is because the world has leant of a great value for empowering people.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 31

Case Study Example The answer to all of these questions is in fact quite simple. It is the respective company’s attitudes towards the employs that work for them that help to define the way the company is viewed in the marketplace and has certainly heavily contributed to the runaway success that they have been able to earn. All of these companies websites make it very clear on their careers panel that the very heart and soul of their business model rests on the thousands of employees that contribute to the larger enterprise. Far more than lip service, the success of the company combined with the marginally higher level of pay that they give to their employees as compared to their competitors help to make each of these firms into the success story that they engender today. Sadly, these cultural aspects of employment do not always correspond to the remainder of the marketplace. I distinctly recall working for more than 1 retail store that treated their employees as a disposable good. In this way, the loyalty of the employees was severely diminished and the moral that was necessary to implement many store policies was all but

Amazon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Amazon - Research Paper Example This essay declares that technology is everywhere; it plays an important and major role in the society. It aids in the provision of powerful tools for research. It is used for knowledge transmission and enables people to learn in a much easy and efficient way. The research paper focuses on Amazon technology that is currently widely used for online shopping purposes and the way it has enhanced life. It shows whether the technology offered by Amazon can be used for a prolonged time and in an effective. Online shopping entails use of specific networks to shop for goods online. Lots of information can be found on the internet, but the credibility and reliability of information is questionable. Amazon technology involves e-book innovation, which makes reading e-books easier on other devices. Amazon uses AT&T’s 3G network which aids in bringing e-books to e-readers through their devices. Amazon ought to design solutions that are accurate and precise. This report makes a conclusion that Amazon technology has a great future in carrying out research of any kind. It changes from time to time through upgrades and researchers should be at par with the technology. For one to use the technology efficiently they must be computer literate. In this modern times, access to computers has greatly increased, becoming computer literate should not be a problem. E-readers should come up with effective ways of preventing virus attacks on the systems.

CIS 206 Research Assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CIS 206 Research Assigment - Essay Example el (2003)As a matter of fact, the article is keen on the fact that many accomplished technical professional with experience in in e-commerce, web application development, and Business Intelligence. The shell is a crucial element to UNIX in development as stated earlier and allows users to change directories. Since UNIX is not a GUI interface, it can take some adaptive learning to get acclimated to it. A cool functionality in which UNIX has become a ‘parent’ language is the ability to create custom directories which are crucial for managing file systems. Rachel (2003)One can conduct tasks and manage schedules in which CPU can carry that task in an efficient manner. Any UNIX system can have many users on a given time, hence managing files as a user can be utilized by manipulating the file directory. Rachel, S. G. (2003). The book of webmin; or, how I learned to stop worrying and love UNIX / practical UNIX & internet security / UNIX: Visual QuickStart guide.  Library Journal,  128(16), 109. Retrieved from

The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay

The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay The aim of this experiment was to determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the selectively permeable membranes of plant cells, e.g., red cabbage (Lane, 2010a). The cell membrane is the fluid-mosaic model. The proteins are embedded in the cell membrane. The lipid exists as a phospholipid bilayer form. The hydrophobic which mean water hating portions of the lipid molecule face the inside while the hydrophilic which mean water loving parts face either the cytoplasm or extracellular aqueous environment. The protein molecules are of two types in the membrane. Internal proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer which enhance the membranes shape, providing passageways for the movement of substances through the membrane while the peripheral proteins are attach to the surface of membrane and are easier to extract (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008) The purpose of a cell membrane is to controls what enters and exits the cell. It acts as a selective barrier between the internal and external fluid that means the cell membrane to be selectively permeable. This process supplies the cell with useful material and removes waste products. Normally, this is done by active or passive transportation. The passive transportation allows substances to move from high concentration to low concentration without energy required. The active transportation carries substances such as ions and glucose from low concentration to the high concentration, requiring energy and a carrier to support (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008). Figure 2 (Adapted from Garland, 2004) shows the process of transportation through the cell membrane Figure 2: Transportation through the Membrane (Adapted from Garland, 2004) Certain conditions can damage the cell membrane. For instance, high temperature leads to violent collisions that can destroy a membrane. There is a hypothesis that an increase in temperature denatures the membrane and causes the substances within the membrane to leak out (Answers, 2010). The high temperature can make the cell membrane more permeable and allow it to be more prone to leakage. Red cabbages are used as a model to investigate how the temperature affects the selectively permeable membranes. Red cabbages contain a large mount of a water-soluble red pigment called anthocyanin, which is located in the vacuole and unable to pass through the tonoplast membrane. If these cells are affected by changes in temperature, the integrity of the cell membrane becomes damaged. As a result, anthocyanin which as antioxiants and protects cell from oxidative damage can leak out of the cells and into the surrounding water. The extent of damage to the cell membrane is directly associated to the intensity of red color and it would appear in the water surrounding the red cabbage (Manhattan, 2009). Method Apparatus 7 test tubes Test tube rack Cork borer Scalpel Tile Small beaker Mounted needle Large beaker Thermometer Burner (Lane, 2010b) Firstly, a leaf of red cabbage tissues was cut into 42 discs of the same size (approximately 1mm wide) by a cork borer. 42 red cabbage discs were placed in a small beaker and were washed. 7 test tubes were labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 80à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The first two test tubes which labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and approximately 6 cm3 cold water was added using a measuring cylinder. The remaining test tubes had 6 cm3 cold water added to each. Meanwhile, a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod and gauze. The 7 test tubes with 6 cm3 water were heated in the water bath. A thermometer was placed into each test tube to measure the temperature. 6 red cabbage discs were impaled on a mounted needle with space between each disc. When the water inside the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the burner was removed a nd 6 discs on the needle was placed in the test tube for exactly 1 min then the test tube was removed from the water bath. The disks were left in this tube. When the water inside the test tube labelled 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the above procedure was repeated. The test tube labelled 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached the temperature. All the procedures were restarted according to the guide. To all the test tubes were added 6 cm3 cold water and a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod. When the water was heated gently to 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, the burner was removed and the 6 red cabbage discs on an impaled needle were placed in the water bath for exactly 1 minute. The discs was pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The procedure was repeated for the other tubes. From 40 °to 90 °C, all the procedures in own water bath. For 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ the discs, needle were placed in others water bath with the temperature at 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ for 1 minute, then the discs were pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The discs in the test tube s were left for 20 minutes and then the tubes were shaken and compared. Result Temperature /à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ Observation 30 The 6 red cabbage discs were still purple and unchanged the water was still colourless. 40 The colours of the 6 red cabbage discs were remained and unchanged purple and the water was still clear. 50 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were a little faded and the water became a little purple. 60 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded lighter purple more than 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from colourless into light purple. 70 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded more than 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light blue. 80 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were very faded than 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light green. 100 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs changed from purple into white and the colour of water was strongly changed from transparent into green. Table 1: Heating the Red Cabbage Discs Discussion Table 1 shows clearly that an increase temperature on the red cabbage fades the purple of these discs and they become more and more faded while the colour of the surrounding water inside the test tube becomes darker and darker. This phenomenon purple-blue-green result from that the red cabbage dices have permeable membranes losing the permeability of their cell membranes. If the temperature goes against what the membranes can withstand, the permeability of membranes increases as the protein becomes denatured, the lipid parts of membranes liquefies and the proteins create holes in the fabric, and the membranes fall apart. The high temperature produces an increase in kinetic energy that makes atoms in the protein to vibrate and move more breaking hydrogen and ionic bonds in protein molecules and changing the 3D shape of the system. These proteins are unable to translate substances in and out of the membrane. All the factors lead to the anthocyanin leaking out of the membranes producing a colour in the water surrounding the red cabbage cells (Erik, 2002). The results of investigating the effect of temperature on permeable membranes are largely as predicted. There were several variables that controlled this experiment to make sure the results were comparable. The first major key variable was the size of red cabbage discs. The red cabbage tissue was cut into discs which were used to ensure accuracy by increasing precision in the volume of water. The cylinders should be same for all experiments because the volume of water affected the concentration of the pigment. The second variable was allowing enough time (20 minutes) for colour to be seen. All the test tubes should be left the same and enough time for observations after putting the red cabbage discs into the test tubes. Time altered the effect of the experiment; some tubes had a longer effect than others, more of the pigments in the red cabbage cells will leak out and the pigments in the surrounding water. All the material should be washed very thoroughly after cutting. This process made the experiment more highly accurate, because using water to wash the material meant that impurities were minimised. Possible errors may have arisen during this experiment. Firstly, the procedure at the beginning of the experiment was not correctly followed according to the instructions (Lane, 2010c). For instance, 6 cm3 cold water was measured not accurate, the red cabbage leaf did not wash under running water and using another water bath which resulted from the instruction had not been read carefully and seriously. Secondly, the phenomenons purple-blue-green in this test was a little different from the theory that as the temperature increases, the colour of the surrounding water will become darker (Lane, 2010d). This may stem from much of the red pigment escaping from the discs while heating the red cabbage in the beaker. The result of the higher temperature may have affected this more as a lot of the pigment has already leaked out into the beaker. Another reason may be the concentration of pigment leading to change the stability of the pigment molecule. Thirdly, the time was not sufficient for r epeating the experiment, which made the results less accurate. A future experiment should be improved in follow ways. The instruction should be read carefully and thoroughly, so the experiment can go on logical. Secondly, the temperature should be checked at the start of when the red cabbage was put in the water and at the end of the last minute using a thermometer to maintain the temperature of the heated water. Thirdly, a colorimeter should be provided to measure the amount of light absorbed by solution of each reaction temperature. The higher concentration of anthocyanin means a higher reading on the colorimeter. Fourthly, the experiment should be repeated more times to make sure the results were not obtained by chance or by external factors. In addition, the effect of cooler temperature even under 0à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ could be tested to observe if the membrane is broken down in a similar way. Conclusion It can be concluded that as the temperature was increased, more of the red pigment leaked out of the permeable membrane. The permeability of the membrane in red cabbages can be damaged by high temperature.

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desais Clear Light of Day Essay

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day      Ã‚  Ã‚   When one asks a child, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" a usual response is "a fireman" or "a ballerina."   In Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day, however, the young Bim and Raja are somewhat more ambitious; they answer that they want to be a hero and heroine.   Later, Bim asks somewhat bitterly, "The hero and heroine-where are they?   Down at the bottom of the well-gone, disappeared" (157).   Bim has lost track of her heroes; however, Raja and Tara have not.   The three siblings have very different relationships to heroic ideals.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Raja is the most obviously hero-conscious character.   First of all, he is extremely artistic and idealistic, so he adores poetry, in both English and Urdu.   He merely reads and quotes English poets, such as Byron and Tennyson; however, he goes farther in imitating the style of Urdu poetry in his own verses.   As Bim thinks, The poems were really very derivative.   On each of them she could clearly see the influence of the poets he loved and copied.   There was no image, no metaphor, no turn of phrase that was original.   Each was a meticulous imitation of what he had read, memorized and recited . . . .   One could see in them only a wish to emulate and to step where his heroes had stepped before him. (168) Raja is not trying to be an original poet on his own; he simply tries to be exactly like his heroes, which he does perfectly.   Through the Urdu poetry that he so admires, Raja becomes acquainted with his Muslim landlord and neighbor, Hyder Ali.   At first Raja merely has permission to read and borrow the books in Hyder Ali's library, but increasingly he becomes involved in that family's household.   There he learns to app... ...s Bim, because she strikes a balance between idealism and reality.   Raja is completely out of touch and gets so carried away by his glorious plans that he disregards the dangerous political situation which makes his plans impossible.   At the other extreme, Tara lacks dreams, so that she has no goals for herself and needs Bakul to force her to "be strong" and "execute her will" (17).   Bim, however, has entertained ideals, had them crushed, and finally come to terms with her disillusionment.   Bim is the heroine in Clear Light of Day.    Work Cited Desai, Anita.   Clear Light of Day.   Great Britain: Penguin Books, 1980.    Professor's Comments: Although your conclusion on Bim-as-heroine could use development--this is a fine and full exploration of the issue from your own angle.   Good use of supporting illustration, and tecnically perfect.  

The City vs. the Country: Preserving the Memories in a Fast-Paced World

Romantic poets of the past attempted to portray the idea that emotion is more important than reason.   Perhaps they are reacting to the new emphasis of reason and rationalism and feared that people might forget the more esoteric benefits of nature and emotion and reflection.In William Wordsworth’s â€Å"Lines Composed a Few miles Above Tintern Abbey,† the city and the country are contrasted for the reader through the use of reflective imagery and symbolism in an effort to reconnect the reader with these passions and to encourage his use of memory to summon strength.Wordsworth believed, as did all romantic poets, in writing from the heart.   Thus his poem is a reflection of his two visits to Tintern Abbey, a former medieval church.   The beauty of this natural surrounding is the subject of the poem.His first solitary visit occurred five years earlier than his second visit with his sister.   He hopes to give her an escape from her grief and sadness in the future b y providing her with the memories of this visit.  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, the reader can be seen as an extension of the sister, the symbol of all people who need to find solace in nature and the love and peace it produces.The second visit, for Wordsworth, is different from the first.   Upon his first visit, he recalls his initial passion about nature which he has since lost.   He recalls his love of nature and the comfort it had given him in lines 23-28:Here he gives his sister, and the reader, a look into his feelings about the view that he has missed.   He notes that he was not ‘blind’ to the view, but has called upon it while in the noisy and tiring cities.   Here, life in the city is presented negatively, as being an oppressive and unhealthy environment, while the natural, peaceful environment of Tintern Abbey is calming, soothing, and healing.Life for the speaker now, as a city dweller, is symbolized in line 39 as a â€Å"heavy and weary weight† and refers to his life there as one â€Å"of joyless daylight; when the fretful stir / Unprofitable, and the fever of the world, / have hung upon the beatings of my heart† (lines 52-55).   This gives the city life an essence of disease and pain while his second visit to the abbey gives him the rushing hope â€Å"That in this moment there is life and food / for future years† (lines 64-65).

Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Example

Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Example Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Essay Topic: Literature Jude the Obscure was panned by critics upon its release towards the end of the nineteenth century. The criticism had such an effect on Hardy that he wasnt to write another novel before his death. His attack of Britains dearest institutions (marriage, the class system and higher education) had people so up in arms that the Bishop of Wakefield even burned his copy and persuaded Smiths Circulating Library to withdraw it. The story is a simple tale of a simple orphan boy in a rural district who entertains the diea of becoming a scholar in Christminster. He is tricked into marriage by a local girl, Arabella Donn, thwarting his studies, and the marriage fails. Jude plies his trade as a stonemason in Christminster, hoping that somehow hell be accepted there by being near to it. His experience of University however is notably one of exclusion from it: ironically he gets no closer than fixing the masonry of the university he longs so much to be a part of. After a few alcoholic binges to relieve his frustration, Jude eventually accepts his place in the world. He then falls in love with his cousin, Sue Bridehead and they have children. Society fails to accept their reltionship as legitimate, their children are killed in a shocking murder-suicide and the pair separate. His hopes and passions thwarted, Jude slips into a rapid decline and dies an early death. Cheery stuff! A summary does little to identify the underlying intentions of the novel. All of the characters within it are progressive for their time. Jude has his educational aspirations, Sue scorns moral orthodoxy and Arabella panders to her sexual appetite. Hardys story is set against a world where the common man wasnt persuaded to question their station in life. All of the characters are defeated in the end, but it is their struggle which is important. Judes marriage to Arabella signifies a major theme of the novel confinement particularly in relation to marriage. Jude is tricked into it and trapped because of the implications of divorce. He never fully retains his freedom, even when she leaves him, because he is still trapped by the institution of marriage. He is only free in the physical sense. Hardy later wrote that the novels message was simply that marriage should be dissolvable as soon as it becomes a cruelty so either of the parties being then essentially and morally no marriage. This caused uproar at the time but it is difficult to identify with today unless it is applied to certain religions. The section also deals a little with the manner in which a woman should act. Arabella is a sexual being and knows how to get her man. Jude sees in her something tangible and immediate, unlike his education. Woman of the time didnt act like Arabella does, neither of them follow social conventions and ultimately their relationship dissolves. This again relates back to the entrapment of marriage, as Arabella liberates herself and moves away to Australia, leaving Jude only a letter. Since the introduction of equal rights and divorce, it is hard as modern readers to identify with these issues. The passages concerning Judes education may have a little more relevance today however, particularly his dreams as a young boy, his self-teaching and large volume of work. He is at a disadvantage because of his social status and access to education. This is just as poignant today as it was then. In an age where only 7% of schools are private yet 50% of Oxford students are from them, what hope can someone on the lower echelons have of getting there? Education quality and access is distorted, poverty still exists and not enough is being done to create equality. Social class and status may largely have diluted but it still resonates. Hardys novel speaks of the frustrations at the elitist attitudes of our Oxfords and Cambridges. Life is unfair. Hardy draws us into it and we do care about the characters, which makes it all the more difficult to accept. His characters have no control over their lives, they are forced into their fates, and while things have largely changed, these issues still exist. Poor areas are now urban instead of rural but the ideas are the same. It isnt as controversial today as it was at its release, but I would say that the novel has some success in highlighting problems in society. Jude never reassures. It is a very realistic view of our world. It challenges its readers and raises important questions that should be considered. In 1895 it was ahead of its time. By the time of his death many of the social conventions Hardy criticises had disappeared. He was at the forefront. How does one define success? It certainly wasnt commercially. Critically it caused uproar and ended Hardys novel-writing career. However Hardy had a message and he got it across, elicited response and debate and change. Isnt that what writers want to achieve?