Is Dungannon at the higher end of the settlement hierarchy than Coalisland Essay Example

Is Dungannon at the higher end of the settlement hierarchy than Coalisland Essay For my geography coursework I am going to compare two towns. The two towns in which I will compare are Dungannon and Coalisland which are based in Northern Ireland. The reason as to why I am comparing these two towns is that they are in my local area. The purpose of my coursework is to find out which settlement would be higher up the settlement hierarchy. I plan to find out if Dungannon is overall a most important settlement than Coalisland. To do this I will investigate Dungannon and Coalisland by using a series of hypothesis.The settlement hierarchy is the placing of settlements in order of importance. Three ways in which find the importance of a town are:* Population size* Shops and Services* Sphere of InfluenceThere are many other ways in which you can use to find the importance of a town and I plan to investigate them by using my hypothesis.CoalislandCoalisland is a mall town in County Tyrone in Northern Ireland. It has a population size of 4917 people (in the 2001 census). The name of this town suggests that it was involved with the coal industry. This is indeed true as Coalisland had its very own coal industry as it was formerly a centre for coal mining. Coalisland was also very well known for its coalfields.Coalisland was served by a canal. It was built in 1733 and opened in 1787. The canal was mainly used to transport the goods made in Coalisland to nearby coal pits. Many goods such as clay pipes, coal and corn were produced in Coalisland. These goods were then transported to many places such as Dublin, Newry, Belfast and Lisburn. The canal became a trading depot for those who lived nearby. Coalisland had influenced many people to come and trade in it as it was doing so well within in its industries and as large quantities of general merchandise could be imported and exported with ease. The canal finally closed in 1946 as they used Lorries as a better method of transport for their goods. This was because Lorries could transport the goods much faster an d safer. In 1954 the canal was officially abandoned and had a relegated status as a drainage ditch. The closure of the canal was a huge downfall for Coalisland as it stopped all connections from trading to a lot of other industries.Coalisland railway station was opened on the 28th of July 1897 and closed for passenger traffic on the 16th of January 1956. As for the goods traffic which opened on the 5th of October, it finally closed down on the 1st of April in 1965. Today there are no remains of that railway, other than the bridge on the Derry road, an old goods shed and also grown over platforms.The education today in Coalisland is at its best. There are many schools in Coalisland. The primary schools are:* Primate Dixon* St. Johns* Gaelscoil Ui NeillGaelscoil Ui Neill is an Irish primary school. There is only one secondary school in Coalisland and it is called St. Josephs College and has been open for over 40 years.Coalisland had a good history of sport especially in football. Coal island Na Fianna is the local Gaelic Athletic Association club. Dennis Taylor originated from Coalisland as well and comedian Peter Kays mother came from Coalisland also.Many things have changed in Coalisland today form when it first grew up. The canal has now been partly built over and has some shops on top. The corn mill in Coalisland is now the Local heritage centre and the coal mines are now all closed off due to the fact that coal is longer being produced in Coalisland and the town has found many other ways to keep it profitable. Coalisland now consists of many convience stores and two supermarkets. There are also many hair-dressers and clothes shops as well.Coalisland has also very good accessibility today as the roads are good to travel on. Coalisland is roughly 3miles off the M1 Motorway and is about 40miles from Belfast. Coalisland is South West of Lough Neagh and is about 5miles from Dungannon.Coalisland Corn mill 1930 Coalisland Heritage CentreCoalisland Canal in 2003Dung annonAt one stage Dungannon was the Capital of Ireland in the early 1600s due to Hugh O Neill being situated here. Dungannon is situated on top of a hill. The O Neills had built a castle on this hill as it acted as a good defence for the town. Dungannon was the main stronghold of the O Neills from the 14th Century until the Plantation of Ulster. All traces of the O Neills fort on the hill has gone but the name is recalled in The Fort Bar in Scotch street.Dungannon used to be well known for being a market town, but now all of that has changed as it is now mainly a trading town. Dungannon has a population of 12,000 people. It contains many shops and services. It also has many entertainment venues, swimming pools, cinemas, pubs and bars not like in Coalisland.Dungannon is also South West of Lough Neagh and is 5miles from Coalisland. Dungannon isnt that far away from the M1 Motorway. This has increased the trading percentage in Dungannon by a lot and has influenced other department stor es and industries to trade in here.Dungannon had at one time, a linen industry but it has now been replaced by textile industries and glassworks. There are many popular industries in and out of Dungannon. For instance Tyrone Crystal attracts a lot of tourists into Dungannon. Another industry with is situated in Dungannon is Tyrone Brick. It first produced brick form the clay made in Coalisland.Today in the town centre of Dungannon you would find many department stores and some convience stores. There are many jewellery shops, clothes shops, corner shops, hairdressers and restaurants in Dungannon. Dungannon is also the third largest town in County Tyrone.This is the Castle Ruins todayOn the following page you will see a map. It includes the location of my two study areas which are in Northern Ireland. My study areas are Dungannon and Coalisland.Aims of my CourseworkThe aim of my geography coursework is to study and investigate two local towns within Northern Ireland. These two towns are Dungannon and Coalisland. The main reason as to why I chose to study these two towns is because they are situated in my local area. I live in the town of Coalisland and it is where I go to school. Dungannon is the nearest large town where I would go to shop for clothes and other high order goods. During my piece of coursework I studied a very important topic. This topic was on settlement. In this topic you learn about settlement hierarchies i.e., some towns within a region will be of more importance due to the fact of it having a larger population and a greater number of shops and services in it. As a class we all have decided to base our investigation around the topic of settlement hierarchies and so we will compare Dungannon and Coalisland.The aim of my coursework investigation is to prove that towns with a bigger population and surface area are higher up the settlement hierarchy. These towns will also have a wider range of shops and services. Towns like these will have a bigg er sphere of influence than other towns.In order to carry out this investigation, I have developed three hypotheses to help me do so.They are as follows:1) Dungannon has a larger population and surface area than Coalisland.2) Dungannon is a more accessible shopping town than Coalisland.3) Dungannon has a larger sphere of influence than Coalisland.MethodologyDuring class, having discussed the hypothesis for this coursework, we had to decide how we were going to collect the data and information that we needed in order to prove each hypothesis.Some of the information which we need was as follows:* Area size of each town.* The distances people travelled to a shop.* If the people came to buy high order or low order goods.* Where the people lived and shopped in each of the towns.* The population figures for each town.* The method in which the people travelled.* How often people shopped for high order and low order goods.There was two main way in which I needed to collect the necessary inf ormation. The first main way was from primary sources. This is just were you personally, collect the information you need yourself in each town. The second main way was from secondary sources. This is just information you get like on the internet, which has been already collected for you. This kind of information is as what you can say as second-hand information. You can get more secondary information from libraries, local newspapers, local council, tourist information, the population census for Northern Ireland and so on.In order to gather the primary information our class decided on making a questionnaire for each of the towns. We also decided on carrying out a survey of the number of shops and services found in each of the towns.The questions are as follows:1. What is the name of the town or village where you live?This question is asked to help us find out the towns sphere of influence.Less than 1 mile1-2 miles2-5 milesMore than 5 miles2. How far did you travel to come here?This was asked in our survey to help us calculate the actual sphere of influence of each of the towns telling us how far people are willing to ravel to a town for some low order goods such as bread and milk and also high order goods like furniture and clothes.WalkCarBusOther3. How did you travel here?This question was asked because it lets us know how people travel and what ways of transport they would use most often.4. Would you come to this town to only buy or use the following services?Milk/BreadYes/NoNewspaperYes/NoClothesYes/NoShoesYes/NoFurnitureYes/NoElectrical goodsYes/NoPost OfficeYes/NoSolicitorYes/NoThis question tells you what people mostly tend to buy in each of the two towns. It tells you whether they use they town to shop for higher order or low order goods and this also shows the importance of the town.5. What are the three main goods/services you use this town for?GroceriesNewspaperPost OfficeClothesEntertainmentHousehold goodsBankingThis again shows what each of the tow ns is mostly used for and it also can tell you which town would have better shops and services.6. Have you come here today for any particular reason?Again this question tells you what each of the towns is used for helping you to find out the importance of each of the towns.Thursday the 25th of September was the day in which we decided to carry out our survey investigation. Thursday the 25th was the chosen date for when we were to carry out our investigation because Thursday was near the weekend. This meant that the town would be very busy as people would be out doing their weekly shopping and probably out sorting out their business. In Dungannon, every Thursday is a traditional flower market day, which would bring a lot of people into the town for grocery shopping etc.We travelled into Dungannon by bus. We left our school at approximately 9.30am. Once we arrived in Dungannon we were put into groups of two. The first thing we did was take a survey of the number of shops and services in the town. We walked through the main shopping area of Dungannon called Market Square, making a tally of the shops and services as we past them. We then continued along some streets of the town.These streets are as follows:* Irish Street* Church Street* William Street* John Street* Thomas Street* Scotch StreetThere is a map included in my Geography coursework and these streets in which I have surveyed are located in this map of Dungannon.The second main thing we done, was to go to our positions on the streets any carry out the investigation. These positions could be like Menarys, Boots chemist, Woolworths, Peacocks, Tescos, Birthdays and Sainsburys.As a class we took a sample of 100 people. The reason for this was that we could easily change our results into percentages. Whilst carrying out our questionnaire we asked every third person as this is what youre meant to do when doing a questionnaire to make your results more accurate.During the afternoon we repeated the above process in Coalisland. The streets in which we did out questionnaire on are:* Main Street* The Square* Dungannon Road* Lineside* Washingbay Road* Barrack Street.When we were carrying out the questionnaire we stood outside some shops such as Sulivans, The Jet, Spring Island, Mc Glincheys, Landis, Taxi service, The Charity Shop and so on.Whilst doing our investigation in each town we took some sketches and some pictures, showing how our investigation looked in process.Dungannon has a larger surface area and population than Coalisland.In this hypothesis my class and I want to find out two pieces of information about each of the towns we are studying, Dungannon and CoalislandThese two pieces of information are:1. Population of each town.2. Area of each town.The reason as to why I want this information is so that I can find out which of the two towns, Dungannon and Coalisland, will be further up the settlement hierarchy. I expect that for a town to be higher up the settlement hierarchy it would have to have a greater area and have a larger population than the other town. This would make it a more important town than the other. I expect that Dungannon would be higher up the settlement hierarchy as it would have far more shops and services in it, bringing a lot of people into the town whereas Coalisland would have fewer shops and services in it bringing less people into the town than in Dungannon.This information can be collected from secondary sources i.e. from the internet, books and the local council.I used a website called www.ninis.nisra.gov.uk/ to help me obtain the information in which I need to find the population of each town. The website gives many statistics on local town, villages and cities that are in your area in Northern Ireland. A population census is also given within each of these towns. From this information I am able to observe the population for Dungannon and Coalisland in the 2001 census. The results are given as follows in the table below:Population t able for each townDungannonCoalisland11,1394,917I have displayed these population figures on a bar chart which is just below:Interpretation of resultsAfter observing the information from my bar chart you can clearly see that Dungannon obviously has a bigger population then Coalisland, by a large amount. Dungannon has a population of 11,139 people and Coalisland has a population of 4,917 people in the 2001 census.Area of Dungannon and CoalislandAs a class we came to the conclusion that we would expect that a town with a larger population (Dungannon: 11,139), would have a larger area than a town with a smaller population (Coalisland: 4,917), because there will be more shops, offices and houses etc in that town.MethodHow to find out the area of each townWe needed to find out the actual surface area of Dungannon and Coalislands town centre. In order to do this we needed individual maps of each of the two towns. We obtained planning maps from the Northern Ireland Planning Service in Omag h. These two maps are showing on pages and As you can see from the maps the boundary line it highlighted in a dark black line. The next step was to measure the area. To do this I got tracing paper and put it over the maps, I traced the boundary line and then placed it over a page with grid squares. After that I had to count the number of squares inside each of the boundary lines of each town. Using the scale on each map I was able to easily work out the area of each town centre. There calculations are given in the following tables.Results for Coalisland Town Centre Results of Dungannon Town CentreScale 1.5cm = 30metresMap scale = 3cm to 100mEach square = 100 x 100= 10,000m2Total squares = 48 full20 half (i.e. 10 full squares)= 48 + 10= 58 squaresArea = 58 x 10,000m2Area of DungannonTown = 580,000m2CentreTotal Squares = 168 full and 40 half.= 40/2= 20 full squares= 168 + 20= 188 full squares= 188 x 900m2= 169,200m2Area of CoalislandTown = 169,200m2CentreEach square = 30m x 30m = 9 00m2Summary TableTownArea in m2Dungannon580,000 m2Coalisland169,200 m2Interpretation of my resultsAs you can see by observation Dungannon has a larger area than Coalisland. My bar chart also tells you that Dungannon has even more than twice the area of Coalisland. The reason as to why Dungannon has a larger area than Coalisland is that it has a larger population. Dungannon has a population of 11,139 people and Coalisland has a population of 4,917 people. With Dungannon having such a large population of 11,139 people, it would have to have a very large surface area to serve its people. This are would include places for car parks, housing, shops and other services which help to provide the towns people with what they may need.This is exactly what I had expected and therefore it proved my hypothesis Dungannon has a larger surface area and population than Coalisland right.

Management Empowerment Essay Example

Management Empowerment Essay Example Management Empowerment Essay Example Management Empowerment Essay Example Empowerment has been used all over the world by different groups of people. That is why it has been used as a major topic of discussion in this essay. Women, for instance, have empowered themselves by learning a lot through social networking sites. Here, they are exposed to so much information about an environment around them. In the year 2013, women started an online campaign with a hundred of advocates opposing various pages on Facebook that was spreading hatred towards them. Their plea was successful since the pages were brought down. During and after colonialism, the blacks in America were able to empower themselves. They claimed the employment, as opposed to slavery, so that they could entirely depend on themselves. This made them confident in themselves. They were able to claim for their independence. This shows that empowerment is used all over the world. This is a main reason as to why it has been used as a basis of this essay. It has been discussed in all aspects to ensure t hat it is thoroughly discussed. At the end of the essay, recommendations have also been made as to how this concept of empowerment can be used to make the world a better place. Empowerment is used by various people in the world on different arenas. The term can be applied to mean giving power and authority to people who previously have not had it. The reason for this is that they may do and make decisions by themselves. This word can also mean giving the permission to certain people to do something. The different forms of empowerment that exist are economic, political, cultural, human, and social ones. Empowerment of people has caused great changes in the society around us. They are very important. It is because when one is given the authority, he/she is able to influence major decisions in their environment as well as dictate a course most activities are going to follow. Management Empowerment Does It Work Some discussions may not make any sense to some groups of people. It is because they might seem to be not important and irrelevant to their current positions. However, a discussion of issues and the determination of their importance should not be based on the perspectives of an individual. Instead, it should be based on the general knowledge, the sense that the issue makes as well as the past experience of the same. It is the cause why the following part of the essay has been provided. Apart from discussing the issue itself, there is a need to discuss its importance. Over the years, it is clear that the definition of empowerment has always changed. Some scholars claim that it may mean licensing, warranting, or commissioning. It causes a lot of attention from scholars that are also interested in the issue. Firstly, it is essential to talk over the importance of this issue in the business world, with reference to the meanings that have been outlined above. These meanings basically symb olize enabling and permitting people to conduct certain activities. It excludes a definition that mentions power. The world includes a lot of people that are seeking for employment. It is because everybody wants to finish the studies and get a well-paid job. The reason behind this is that most education systems train their students on the importance of advancing in a basic career. Therefore, the only real power that people receive from such systems is the education itself ( Hugman Smith, 1995). Through a research and experience, it is clear that the most financially successful people are in the business world. It is because it is a world that has the ability to permanently transform the financial lives of individuals. It is especially in such a way if they are interested in the same. Nevertheless, there are a lot of issues that go along with the starting of businesses. One challenge is legislation. There are a lot of people whose efficiency and potential to do business are limited by the laws in their respective countries. For this reason, there is a need for the world’s governments to analyze the way in which this can be rectified. Empowerment is a key issue, when it comes to this. Any government that has the intention of growing its economy should be willing to invest in empowerment. It is where they give their employees an ability to perform most of the activities that they intend to, especially in business. Therefore, the business context is one that needs a mass ive use of empowerment in any nation. Secondly, oppression is a universal issue. There is the oppression of marginalized groups all over the world. It has been witnessed in most nations for a long period of time. People being supposed to be inferior are oppressed, in terms of the rights and privileges, which they may be pending to get from their respective countries. Nevertheless, there usually the time comes when some individuals in the groups that are being oppressed decide that it should not happen any more. It is especially when they come to learn about their rights. It is another place where empowerment comes into equation. In some contexts, power is not given. Instead, it is taken. For example, the countries which fight for their independence take their power, as opposed to them receiving it from a third party. For this purpose, it is correct to state that individuals have the ability to empower themselves. It is especially if it is an only alternative. The fact that the issue of oppression is a universal one makes it one of the most important problems in the society today. It is because it affects a large number of people. Therefore, the relevance and importance of discussing this topic cannot be undermined. In organizations, whether profit making or not, the importance of empowerment still comes out. It has been the case for a long period of time. Every employee as well as a member of any organization has the own abilities. It means that every one of them gains a different level to which their performance can be expected to reach. However, this essay does not need these variations to be put into the equation. There is a need to put all these factors constant, in a bid to keep the discussion pure. Assuming that all the employees had the same potential, it would be right to make them remain in the positions they have been put on. However, when they are not considered to be different, according to their abilities, the whole new difference is made. Actually, it is a vital difference, owing to the fact that this is an actual situation on the ground. There are some employees that have the ability to perform certain duties more than others. It may have several implications. If an employee perf orms a duty perfectly, it may mean that this employee is mainly suited for this duty. However, if a worker does not perform the obligation well, they may be unsuited for the same. It does not have the meaning that they have to be sacked. A need for any company to separate employees from leaders exists. Some employees do not have the ability to perform specific roles in an organization. However, they may be good managers of other employees. Therefore, the only thing that limits their potential is the lack of empowerment. It is, yet, another area that should be thought of, when empowerment is a major topic of discussion. Religion is another point that requires a lot of empowerment issues. It is because there are some religions that are undermined in some countries. For this reason, governments as well as the leaders of these religions should strive to ensure that they empower these religions and ensure that there is the freedom of worship in their countries. Therefore, the safety of people from different religions creates the importance of empowerment. Gender inequalities have also been witnessed in some places of work as well as positions of power. It is another area where empowerment has been of the utmost importance. The areas to which empowerment applies cannot be exhausted in this essay. It would require a completely new book, owing to the global value that it carries. For these reasons, it is clear that the empowerment concerns the life of almost each person in the world. Therefore, it is an extremely vital and important topic of discussion (Hugman Smith, 1995). Knowledge and Issues Relating to Empowerment Empowerment of people in various sectors is important as well as useful in many ways. It reduces oppression of certain discriminated groups of people. Initially women in the community were not allowed to participate in various activities in the economy. It is because the work was considered to be male oriented. The acceptance of women in these works has caused a great change in the economy. So many inventions have been made from that time and a high productivity noted since there is a great increase in the workforce in the economy. This has caused gender equality between both genders (Martin-Crawford, 1999). Previously men used to look down on women and abuse them because they had seen them as useless and only parasites that depended on them in every way. Women also have gained confidence and talked out when they were oppressed in any way. Empowerment also helps people gain a lot of confidence in them. It ensures that they can be actively involved in decision making processes. Disabled people may be disregarded in terms of their potential and ideas. It is because they are considered to be weak and inferior. The research has proven that a great majority of these people being so disregarded are of the great potential once put to work. This proves that once all of disabled people in a society are utilized the productivity of a place would greatly increase. On the same note, the youth, for a long time, has been disregarded and put on a sideline in our societies. It has caused the idle youth to indulge in illegal and demoralizing activities that destroy most of young lives. Due to these slapdash behaviors, an unreliable generation is created. Hence, the future of our economies is wrecked. The research has shown that the creation of employment for the youth has lead to a great decrease in drug trafficking and drug addiction among young people. Immoral behavior such as prostitution is also seen to decrease drastically in these societies (Wing, 1996). Initially accessing the information about medication and various ailments was a very arduous task for the people being outside the medical profession. Through such a user friendly website as Medline Plus in the United States, patients get a lot of information regarding various ailments. Most of them get appointments with their doctors from the Internet. Various types and names of certain drugs are available online where patients get to learn how to use, on the side effects of these medications, and what to do in case of missed doses. They do not look for a specialist to advice on this. The gaining of information from Medline Plus by citizens of the United States has built their confidence greatly. The research has proven that most people who seek medical advice are those who have gained the information and may know what they are possibly suffering from. Most people who are not enlightened on these data shy away from seeking medical health resulting to their conditions becoming worse (Martin-Crawford, 1999). The empowerment of people in the society who have the unknown potential has brought about a lot of changes in our community today. Some citizens take an advantage of the fact that they are given the power to air out their views and use this freedom to falsely accuse the people of leadership. They frame them with their bad personal motive to bring leaders down. It has caused a fall of a great number of leaders being so unfair. Finally, the state is being left with poor leaders who perform poorly leading the people to their downfall. Wars are also seen to emerge since there are those who fight for justice against the corrupted and unfair ones. These fights sometimes result to great losses and sometimes to numerous deaths. The police, on the other hand, are given the power to shoot whichever suspect of greave crimes they are sure of. It is seen to bring down so many wanted criminals (Lee, 2001). However, it has been witnessed that innocent blood is shed by careless policemen who do not care about civilians in their way to get the suspects. Rather a lot of people have already been killed in result of these carelessness, some are left permanently disabled. Although empowerment is helpful, it can produce counter results if not carried out in the right manner. The empowerment of women has brought about great positive changes in the economic growth. It has also come with negative effects. A lot of attention has been paid to the women that some men are leaving in a sideline to suffer. So many organizations have been put up to help and protect women in case of abuse while so little has been done for men. At most homes, women take an advantage of their position in the society to abuse their husbands. So much energy and recourses have been focused on creating jobs for the youth today. As a result, some sectors in the economy have been neglected. Health sectors are one of neglected areas where no developments are implemented. It results to poor services in hospitals and misinformation of patients that leads to a great increase of a mortality rate. In the United States, education sectors are also one of neglected sectors where funds that are su pposed to pay teachers and sponsor students lack. It has caused a great rate of unemployment of teachers and a great rate of school drop outs. Most of them cannot afford the high school fees (Horrell Johnson, 2008). In the United States, patients have gained a lot of information from Medline Plus. It is good and very helpful to them. Most people gain confidence to consult doctors from the information they acquire. This information has, however, brought about negative results too. Most people think that they have enough information to determine the disease they are ailing by looking at the symptoms they have. It has resulted to people administering the wrong medication to them, since the disease they think they have is not real. A large number of people have died or caused a permanent malfunctioning of some parts of their bodies. It is for consuming unwanted substances in their bodies. There are other ways, in which empowered people have used their power to a great disadvantage. This is due to the lack of the proper information and advice on how to deal and handle their newly acquired power. Therefore, it is vital that empowerment is done for the right people and the acquired power used wisely. I t is because power has an ability to build or destroy (Pastor, 1996). Application of the Knowledge on Empowerment There are so many people with the knowledge on empowerment in the society today. These people should make it their obligation to educate the others in the society suffering due to the lack of knowledge about their potential and a place in the society. They should also strive and mobilize people to put up self-help groups where people with the same gift come together and start businesses based on their gift and talent. One can also start up an organization where people can seek advice on how to start up businesses. Though the difference made by individuals may seem so insignificant, it changes a lot after some time. Its effect is gradual but very necessary (Houtzagers, 1999). Empowerment of employees also enhances a good exchange of ideas among the employees as well as an employer. Therefore, it brings up better ways to manage organizations. It is because the employees feel free to communicate their views and suggestions, since they also participate in a decision making process of the organization. Empowerment of people in the society is also very important. The empowerment that they may question their leaders about also helps in improving the productivity in the society. The leaders of these places always strive to give their best in all their work. It is to impress them and make sure that they are not thrown out of their current power positions (Blanchard Randolph, 1999). Once a person in an oppressed group gets knowledge on how they can empower themselves, he or she is able to lead the others to fight for their rights. Most oppressed races only need an enlightened individual to lead them to a better life by only claiming for their rights. The people like Audrey Henderson are an example of people in the society. They have dedicated so much in helping people exploit their potential, hence, empowering them. All over the United States, she has initiated so many projects and overseen that they are successful, especially in Chicago. She has connected so many industries to international standards that their progress is so high and notable. It is a live, specific and realistic example of how people can use empowerment as an instrumental tool to make the lives better of other people around them. Audrey proves that this is not an issue that only exists on paper. Instead it can be applied on an actual ground and yield better results than most of the activities considered productive for any organization. It is just one in a million examples of how people have used the tool of empowerment. They have applied it for increasing the productivity of their various organizations (Pastor, 1996). New and high quality products have come up in the market due to the introduction of new and better ideas in the market by the youth. Their vibrant and energetic young people are always moving to make and create better products that will have a wide market and a very high demand. Therefore, it is clear that empowerment should be applied on a younger generation. It is because they are always the ones with the least power and influence. It causes them to have limited abilities, according to the capacities that they are asked to serve. Administrators of organizations and nations should give the youth a chance to show their capabilities (Turner, 1996). This is an endeavor that can ensure a complete success of different organizations in the world. It may as well guarantee that there are many creativities as well as the generation of new ideas all over the world. It gains an ability transforming the whole global market into a successful venture to people from all walks of life. Few of of the most essential people all over the world are not recognized for their work. This research has taken much interest to discuss them. The people that ensure the security of individuals are surely in this list. The army and police of some countries are unable to carry out their work well since they are not allowed to carry out some practices. It limits them and makes them inefficient in their work. Some of these activities they are not allowed to do is to short once they identify a suspect of greave crimes. Some of the police even die while being in the line of duty and avoiding mistakes of shooting the wanted suspect. Allowing these policemen to carry out their duty by shooting once they are sure of the suspect will really help in making them more efficient. It will protect them from unnecessary deaths (Houtzagers, 1999). Implications of the Issues Studied on OB, Organization, and Stakeholders The past experiences as well as the deductions that may be created from the various materials that were used may be of great value in the development of issues in this research. However, the most important part to the society is that of application. The needs to guarantee the applications of the issue to organizational behavior, organizations, as well as the stakeholders of these organizations, exist. This is in a bid to show the relevance of the same one to the present world. First, it is important to note the fact that the general productivity of an organization is improved by the use of empowerment (Lee, 2001). The organizational behavior of the company whose employees are frequently empowered is proven to be excellent and efficient for their set purpose. The research that has been carried out above has proved that the gifting of members of an organization with an opportunity to perform higher duties increases their productivity. It is because it boosts their ego, doubles their ef forts, and increases the work that they have to do. It could seem to be a bad thing to the employees. It is because it represents more work. However, the promotion has to be accompanied by a better pay. Therefore, this employee feels more appreciated and gives his or her best to the organization. It is conclusive to say that the general workforce of any organization is increased through the empowerment of employees (Turner, 1996). Apart from employees, there are other stakeholders in the organization. For example, there are partners, business associates, suppliers, customers as well as many others. When empowerment occurs in the organization, it shows the need that the company places in the enablement of people that may seem to be inferior to others. It is an act that cannot be hidden from the world. Therefore, it can be an important tool in boosting the name of the company. Many the international companies and also the local humanitarian organizations would like to be associated with the same company. It is because it shows the respect it has to humanity on a public platform. For customers, it is clear that they would also be some of beneficiaries of empowerment. It is because the productivity of the organization is increased. It means the increased utility in the goods that the customers receive. This utility is in terms of the value of products, a method of delivery as well as the time, in which the product is delivered to customers. Therefore, any customer would wish to continue the association with this organization (Hugman Smith, 1995). Thus, it is evident that many stakeholders of the company stand to benefit from all the efforts that the organization would undertake to empower its employees. Apart from organizations, it is clear that other groups of people around the world support benefiting from the power of empowerment. Experience as well as expert advice has proven this to a large extent. There are people, businesses, groups, and organizations that have given a credit to the power of empowerment. They have always used it in their day to day activities. However, there are others that have not yet discovered the miracles that can be performed by the same. These are the persons for whom this part is meant. All successful firms should use this as a tool to achieve greater heights. Governments around the world should seek to empower their citizens. Where it is not possible, the citizens should choose to empower themselves. A lot of ways exist, in which persons can empower themselves. The formation of empowerment groups is also vital in ensuring that all involved are given the power that they need to reach certain heights. With the achievement of this, the general productivity in most areas of the world can be increased. It would mean fewer and fewer problems. Such issues as hunger and famine would be the things left in the past. It is because the world has leant of a great value for empowering people.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 31

Case Study Example The answer to all of these questions is in fact quite simple. It is the respective company’s attitudes towards the employs that work for them that help to define the way the company is viewed in the marketplace and has certainly heavily contributed to the runaway success that they have been able to earn. All of these companies websites make it very clear on their careers panel that the very heart and soul of their business model rests on the thousands of employees that contribute to the larger enterprise. Far more than lip service, the success of the company combined with the marginally higher level of pay that they give to their employees as compared to their competitors help to make each of these firms into the success story that they engender today. Sadly, these cultural aspects of employment do not always correspond to the remainder of the marketplace. I distinctly recall working for more than 1 retail store that treated their employees as a disposable good. In this way, the loyalty of the employees was severely diminished and the moral that was necessary to implement many store policies was all but

Amazon Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Amazon - Research Paper Example This essay declares that technology is everywhere; it plays an important and major role in the society. It aids in the provision of powerful tools for research. It is used for knowledge transmission and enables people to learn in a much easy and efficient way. The research paper focuses on Amazon technology that is currently widely used for online shopping purposes and the way it has enhanced life. It shows whether the technology offered by Amazon can be used for a prolonged time and in an effective. Online shopping entails use of specific networks to shop for goods online. Lots of information can be found on the internet, but the credibility and reliability of information is questionable. Amazon technology involves e-book innovation, which makes reading e-books easier on other devices. Amazon uses AT&T’s 3G network which aids in bringing e-books to e-readers through their devices. Amazon ought to design solutions that are accurate and precise. This report makes a conclusion that Amazon technology has a great future in carrying out research of any kind. It changes from time to time through upgrades and researchers should be at par with the technology. For one to use the technology efficiently they must be computer literate. In this modern times, access to computers has greatly increased, becoming computer literate should not be a problem. E-readers should come up with effective ways of preventing virus attacks on the systems.

CIS 206 Research Assigment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CIS 206 Research Assigment - Essay Example el (2003)As a matter of fact, the article is keen on the fact that many accomplished technical professional with experience in in e-commerce, web application development, and Business Intelligence. The shell is a crucial element to UNIX in development as stated earlier and allows users to change directories. Since UNIX is not a GUI interface, it can take some adaptive learning to get acclimated to it. A cool functionality in which UNIX has become a ‘parent’ language is the ability to create custom directories which are crucial for managing file systems. Rachel (2003)One can conduct tasks and manage schedules in which CPU can carry that task in an efficient manner. Any UNIX system can have many users on a given time, hence managing files as a user can be utilized by manipulating the file directory. Rachel, S. G. (2003). The book of webmin; or, how I learned to stop worrying and love UNIX / practical UNIX & internet security / UNIX: Visual QuickStart guide.  Library Journal,  128(16), 109. Retrieved from

The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay

The Effect Of Temperature On Permeable Membranes Biology Essay The aim of this experiment was to determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the selectively permeable membranes of plant cells, e.g., red cabbage (Lane, 2010a). The cell membrane is the fluid-mosaic model. The proteins are embedded in the cell membrane. The lipid exists as a phospholipid bilayer form. The hydrophobic which mean water hating portions of the lipid molecule face the inside while the hydrophilic which mean water loving parts face either the cytoplasm or extracellular aqueous environment. The protein molecules are of two types in the membrane. Internal proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer which enhance the membranes shape, providing passageways for the movement of substances through the membrane while the peripheral proteins are attach to the surface of membrane and are easier to extract (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008) The purpose of a cell membrane is to controls what enters and exits the cell. It acts as a selective barrier between the internal and external fluid that means the cell membrane to be selectively permeable. This process supplies the cell with useful material and removes waste products. Normally, this is done by active or passive transportation. The passive transportation allows substances to move from high concentration to low concentration without energy required. The active transportation carries substances such as ions and glucose from low concentration to the high concentration, requiring energy and a carrier to support (Losos, Manson and Singer, 2008). Figure 2 (Adapted from Garland, 2004) shows the process of transportation through the cell membrane Figure 2: Transportation through the Membrane (Adapted from Garland, 2004) Certain conditions can damage the cell membrane. For instance, high temperature leads to violent collisions that can destroy a membrane. There is a hypothesis that an increase in temperature denatures the membrane and causes the substances within the membrane to leak out (Answers, 2010). The high temperature can make the cell membrane more permeable and allow it to be more prone to leakage. Red cabbages are used as a model to investigate how the temperature affects the selectively permeable membranes. Red cabbages contain a large mount of a water-soluble red pigment called anthocyanin, which is located in the vacuole and unable to pass through the tonoplast membrane. If these cells are affected by changes in temperature, the integrity of the cell membrane becomes damaged. As a result, anthocyanin which as antioxiants and protects cell from oxidative damage can leak out of the cells and into the surrounding water. The extent of damage to the cell membrane is directly associated to the intensity of red color and it would appear in the water surrounding the red cabbage (Manhattan, 2009). Method Apparatus 7 test tubes Test tube rack Cork borer Scalpel Tile Small beaker Mounted needle Large beaker Thermometer Burner (Lane, 2010b) Firstly, a leaf of red cabbage tissues was cut into 42 discs of the same size (approximately 1mm wide) by a cork borer. 42 red cabbage discs were placed in a small beaker and were washed. 7 test tubes were labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 80à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The first two test tubes which labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and approximately 6 cm3 cold water was added using a measuring cylinder. The remaining test tubes had 6 cm3 cold water added to each. Meanwhile, a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod and gauze. The 7 test tubes with 6 cm3 water were heated in the water bath. A thermometer was placed into each test tube to measure the temperature. 6 red cabbage discs were impaled on a mounted needle with space between each disc. When the water inside the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the burner was removed a nd 6 discs on the needle was placed in the test tube for exactly 1 min then the test tube was removed from the water bath. The disks were left in this tube. When the water inside the test tube labelled 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached 40à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ temperature, the above procedure was repeated. The test tube labelled 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ reached the temperature. All the procedures were restarted according to the guide. To all the test tubes were added 6 cm3 cold water and a water bath was prepared using a large beaker, tripod. When the water was heated gently to 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™, the burner was removed and the 6 red cabbage discs on an impaled needle were placed in the water bath for exactly 1 minute. The discs was pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 30à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The procedure was repeated for the other tubes. From 40 °to 90 °C, all the procedures in own water bath. For 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ the discs, needle were placed in others water bath with the temperature at 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ for 1 minute, then the discs were pushed off and dropped into the test tube labelled 100à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™. The discs in the test tube s were left for 20 minutes and then the tubes were shaken and compared. Result Temperature /à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ Observation 30 The 6 red cabbage discs were still purple and unchanged the water was still colourless. 40 The colours of the 6 red cabbage discs were remained and unchanged purple and the water was still clear. 50 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were a little faded and the water became a little purple. 60 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded lighter purple more than 50à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from colourless into light purple. 70 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were faded more than 60à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light blue. 80 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs were very faded than 70à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ and the colour of water changed from transparent into a light green. 100 The colours of 6 red cabbage discs changed from purple into white and the colour of water was strongly changed from transparent into green. Table 1: Heating the Red Cabbage Discs Discussion Table 1 shows clearly that an increase temperature on the red cabbage fades the purple of these discs and they become more and more faded while the colour of the surrounding water inside the test tube becomes darker and darker. This phenomenon purple-blue-green result from that the red cabbage dices have permeable membranes losing the permeability of their cell membranes. If the temperature goes against what the membranes can withstand, the permeability of membranes increases as the protein becomes denatured, the lipid parts of membranes liquefies and the proteins create holes in the fabric, and the membranes fall apart. The high temperature produces an increase in kinetic energy that makes atoms in the protein to vibrate and move more breaking hydrogen and ionic bonds in protein molecules and changing the 3D shape of the system. These proteins are unable to translate substances in and out of the membrane. All the factors lead to the anthocyanin leaking out of the membranes producing a colour in the water surrounding the red cabbage cells (Erik, 2002). The results of investigating the effect of temperature on permeable membranes are largely as predicted. There were several variables that controlled this experiment to make sure the results were comparable. The first major key variable was the size of red cabbage discs. The red cabbage tissue was cut into discs which were used to ensure accuracy by increasing precision in the volume of water. The cylinders should be same for all experiments because the volume of water affected the concentration of the pigment. The second variable was allowing enough time (20 minutes) for colour to be seen. All the test tubes should be left the same and enough time for observations after putting the red cabbage discs into the test tubes. Time altered the effect of the experiment; some tubes had a longer effect than others, more of the pigments in the red cabbage cells will leak out and the pigments in the surrounding water. All the material should be washed very thoroughly after cutting. This process made the experiment more highly accurate, because using water to wash the material meant that impurities were minimised. Possible errors may have arisen during this experiment. Firstly, the procedure at the beginning of the experiment was not correctly followed according to the instructions (Lane, 2010c). For instance, 6 cm3 cold water was measured not accurate, the red cabbage leaf did not wash under running water and using another water bath which resulted from the instruction had not been read carefully and seriously. Secondly, the phenomenons purple-blue-green in this test was a little different from the theory that as the temperature increases, the colour of the surrounding water will become darker (Lane, 2010d). This may stem from much of the red pigment escaping from the discs while heating the red cabbage in the beaker. The result of the higher temperature may have affected this more as a lot of the pigment has already leaked out into the beaker. Another reason may be the concentration of pigment leading to change the stability of the pigment molecule. Thirdly, the time was not sufficient for r epeating the experiment, which made the results less accurate. A future experiment should be improved in follow ways. The instruction should be read carefully and thoroughly, so the experiment can go on logical. Secondly, the temperature should be checked at the start of when the red cabbage was put in the water and at the end of the last minute using a thermometer to maintain the temperature of the heated water. Thirdly, a colorimeter should be provided to measure the amount of light absorbed by solution of each reaction temperature. The higher concentration of anthocyanin means a higher reading on the colorimeter. Fourthly, the experiment should be repeated more times to make sure the results were not obtained by chance or by external factors. In addition, the effect of cooler temperature even under 0à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã†â€™ could be tested to observe if the membrane is broken down in a similar way. Conclusion It can be concluded that as the temperature was increased, more of the red pigment leaked out of the permeable membrane. The permeability of the membrane in red cabbages can be damaged by high temperature.

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desais Clear Light of Day Essay

Heroes and Heroism in Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day      Ã‚  Ã‚   When one asks a child, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" a usual response is "a fireman" or "a ballerina."   In Anita Desai's Clear Light of Day, however, the young Bim and Raja are somewhat more ambitious; they answer that they want to be a hero and heroine.   Later, Bim asks somewhat bitterly, "The hero and heroine-where are they?   Down at the bottom of the well-gone, disappeared" (157).   Bim has lost track of her heroes; however, Raja and Tara have not.   The three siblings have very different relationships to heroic ideals.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Raja is the most obviously hero-conscious character.   First of all, he is extremely artistic and idealistic, so he adores poetry, in both English and Urdu.   He merely reads and quotes English poets, such as Byron and Tennyson; however, he goes farther in imitating the style of Urdu poetry in his own verses.   As Bim thinks, The poems were really very derivative.   On each of them she could clearly see the influence of the poets he loved and copied.   There was no image, no metaphor, no turn of phrase that was original.   Each was a meticulous imitation of what he had read, memorized and recited . . . .   One could see in them only a wish to emulate and to step where his heroes had stepped before him. (168) Raja is not trying to be an original poet on his own; he simply tries to be exactly like his heroes, which he does perfectly.   Through the Urdu poetry that he so admires, Raja becomes acquainted with his Muslim landlord and neighbor, Hyder Ali.   At first Raja merely has permission to read and borrow the books in Hyder Ali's library, but increasingly he becomes involved in that family's household.   There he learns to app... ...s Bim, because she strikes a balance between idealism and reality.   Raja is completely out of touch and gets so carried away by his glorious plans that he disregards the dangerous political situation which makes his plans impossible.   At the other extreme, Tara lacks dreams, so that she has no goals for herself and needs Bakul to force her to "be strong" and "execute her will" (17).   Bim, however, has entertained ideals, had them crushed, and finally come to terms with her disillusionment.   Bim is the heroine in Clear Light of Day.    Work Cited Desai, Anita.   Clear Light of Day.   Great Britain: Penguin Books, 1980.    Professor's Comments: Although your conclusion on Bim-as-heroine could use development--this is a fine and full exploration of the issue from your own angle.   Good use of supporting illustration, and tecnically perfect.  

The City vs. the Country: Preserving the Memories in a Fast-Paced World

Romantic poets of the past attempted to portray the idea that emotion is more important than reason.   Perhaps they are reacting to the new emphasis of reason and rationalism and feared that people might forget the more esoteric benefits of nature and emotion and reflection.In William Wordsworth’s â€Å"Lines Composed a Few miles Above Tintern Abbey,† the city and the country are contrasted for the reader through the use of reflective imagery and symbolism in an effort to reconnect the reader with these passions and to encourage his use of memory to summon strength.Wordsworth believed, as did all romantic poets, in writing from the heart.   Thus his poem is a reflection of his two visits to Tintern Abbey, a former medieval church.   The beauty of this natural surrounding is the subject of the poem.His first solitary visit occurred five years earlier than his second visit with his sister.   He hopes to give her an escape from her grief and sadness in the future b y providing her with the memories of this visit.  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, the reader can be seen as an extension of the sister, the symbol of all people who need to find solace in nature and the love and peace it produces.The second visit, for Wordsworth, is different from the first.   Upon his first visit, he recalls his initial passion about nature which he has since lost.   He recalls his love of nature and the comfort it had given him in lines 23-28:Here he gives his sister, and the reader, a look into his feelings about the view that he has missed.   He notes that he was not ‘blind’ to the view, but has called upon it while in the noisy and tiring cities.   Here, life in the city is presented negatively, as being an oppressive and unhealthy environment, while the natural, peaceful environment of Tintern Abbey is calming, soothing, and healing.Life for the speaker now, as a city dweller, is symbolized in line 39 as a â€Å"heavy and weary weight† and refers to his life there as one â€Å"of joyless daylight; when the fretful stir / Unprofitable, and the fever of the world, / have hung upon the beatings of my heart† (lines 52-55).   This gives the city life an essence of disease and pain while his second visit to the abbey gives him the rushing hope â€Å"That in this moment there is life and food / for future years† (lines 64-65).

Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Example

Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Example Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Analysis of Jude the Obscure Essay Essay Topic: Literature Jude the Obscure was panned by critics upon its release towards the end of the nineteenth century. The criticism had such an effect on Hardy that he wasnt to write another novel before his death. His attack of Britains dearest institutions (marriage, the class system and higher education) had people so up in arms that the Bishop of Wakefield even burned his copy and persuaded Smiths Circulating Library to withdraw it. The story is a simple tale of a simple orphan boy in a rural district who entertains the diea of becoming a scholar in Christminster. He is tricked into marriage by a local girl, Arabella Donn, thwarting his studies, and the marriage fails. Jude plies his trade as a stonemason in Christminster, hoping that somehow hell be accepted there by being near to it. His experience of University however is notably one of exclusion from it: ironically he gets no closer than fixing the masonry of the university he longs so much to be a part of. After a few alcoholic binges to relieve his frustration, Jude eventually accepts his place in the world. He then falls in love with his cousin, Sue Bridehead and they have children. Society fails to accept their reltionship as legitimate, their children are killed in a shocking murder-suicide and the pair separate. His hopes and passions thwarted, Jude slips into a rapid decline and dies an early death. Cheery stuff! A summary does little to identify the underlying intentions of the novel. All of the characters within it are progressive for their time. Jude has his educational aspirations, Sue scorns moral orthodoxy and Arabella panders to her sexual appetite. Hardys story is set against a world where the common man wasnt persuaded to question their station in life. All of the characters are defeated in the end, but it is their struggle which is important. Judes marriage to Arabella signifies a major theme of the novel confinement particularly in relation to marriage. Jude is tricked into it and trapped because of the implications of divorce. He never fully retains his freedom, even when she leaves him, because he is still trapped by the institution of marriage. He is only free in the physical sense. Hardy later wrote that the novels message was simply that marriage should be dissolvable as soon as it becomes a cruelty so either of the parties being then essentially and morally no marriage. This caused uproar at the time but it is difficult to identify with today unless it is applied to certain religions. The section also deals a little with the manner in which a woman should act. Arabella is a sexual being and knows how to get her man. Jude sees in her something tangible and immediate, unlike his education. Woman of the time didnt act like Arabella does, neither of them follow social conventions and ultimately their relationship dissolves. This again relates back to the entrapment of marriage, as Arabella liberates herself and moves away to Australia, leaving Jude only a letter. Since the introduction of equal rights and divorce, it is hard as modern readers to identify with these issues. The passages concerning Judes education may have a little more relevance today however, particularly his dreams as a young boy, his self-teaching and large volume of work. He is at a disadvantage because of his social status and access to education. This is just as poignant today as it was then. In an age where only 7% of schools are private yet 50% of Oxford students are from them, what hope can someone on the lower echelons have of getting there? Education quality and access is distorted, poverty still exists and not enough is being done to create equality. Social class and status may largely have diluted but it still resonates. Hardys novel speaks of the frustrations at the elitist attitudes of our Oxfords and Cambridges. Life is unfair. Hardy draws us into it and we do care about the characters, which makes it all the more difficult to accept. His characters have no control over their lives, they are forced into their fates, and while things have largely changed, these issues still exist. Poor areas are now urban instead of rural but the ideas are the same. It isnt as controversial today as it was at its release, but I would say that the novel has some success in highlighting problems in society. Jude never reassures. It is a very realistic view of our world. It challenges its readers and raises important questions that should be considered. In 1895 it was ahead of its time. By the time of his death many of the social conventions Hardy criticises had disappeared. He was at the forefront. How does one define success? It certainly wasnt commercially. Critically it caused uproar and ended Hardys novel-writing career. However Hardy had a message and he got it across, elicited response and debate and change. Isnt that what writers want to achieve?

Book Review Culture, Literacy, and Learning Taking Bloom in the Midst of the Whirlwind by Carol D. Lee

Book Review Culture, Literacy, and Learning Taking Bloom in the Midst of the Whirlwind by Carol D. Lee Introduction In this book, Carol Lee brings into play her experience as a participant viewer to offer an exceptional and detailed opinion of both planning and employing a cultural receptive strategy to enhance learning and teaching in a particular subject.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Book Review: Culture, Literacy, and Learning: Taking Bloom in the Midst of the Whirlwind by Carol D. Lee specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through clear reports from real classrooms, Lee explains how AAVE helps students motivate themselves and learn. She describes the way students respond to improved scheme and the way teachers modify the cultural background of the language or English arts program. As the book emphasizes on literacy of African-American students, Lee assesses the role of culture in supporting learning. She provides approaches of changing cultural knowledge to support the issue, particularly the educational learni ng. Lee argues that attainment gap to some extent is affected by the restrictions of knowledge based on hypotheses which enlighten decisions concerning pedagogy, curriculum, evaluation, teacher qualification and situations which teachers follow while working. In this book, Lee reports on her three-year program while teaching students how to respond to literature at Fairgate High School; she states that teachers can achieve their targets if they realize the discourse, practices, and content of their field. Teachers will also succeed if they have precise understanding regarding the cognition, language, incentive, culture, and social certainties of urban learners. Cultural Modeling The approach which the author employed is based on her practices on cultural modeling, which serves as a learning plan to facilitate solving the issue in learning institutions. This helps both learners and teachers discuss the differences between the school-based and community-based standards. For example, A frican American learners are supported to generate clearly their understanding and responses of their cultures which are used outside the school. Their knowledge and answers are then implemented in the sphere of educational learning. In this manner, learners are offered support to create their culture applicable in the school environment and classrooms. They use certain languages to address the problem-solving lessons which help them create links between what they have done and what they are expected to perform with school based issues. When teachers and students assess the function of satire in literary understanding, cultural modeling contains outlines of this issue which students practice daily using oral traditions, songs, television, and film. Students create clear approaches of distinguishing satire set up in music lyrics, film, and television.Advertising Looking for book review on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They may keep on looking for satire in African canonical performances and in non-African, American canonical performances which help them improve their knowledge. Another issue for students is to distinguish the functions of symbolism in literary reasoning. Lee starts with students examining closely the cultural relics of their daily practices, such as hip hop lyrics, hip hop records, etc., observing and intuitively interpreting the difficult views in Toni Morrison’s Beloved. Most influential are the transcripts which are there in classrooms. These disclose discussion of student and teacher in interpretive reasoning articulated in AAEV. They also reveal daily language used by students, method of thinking, and significance of complex text applied in classrooms. Lee, in her book, describes the readers a classroom where animated discussions concerning the significance of satire and symbols prosper are aroused, and students experience a great desire to express their understanding openly. Correcting the Way Students Talk Lee persists that teachers can attain better outcomes and success if they only appreciate the strength of instructional talk derived of the standards of AAEV. They should put more focus on supporting students reasoning in a perspective of literary rather than correcting the manner they are used to communicate. Lee chooses not to correct students when they are responding to literature and states that they should feel that their views are well-considered and taken into account. She argues that selecting a student who will speak should not be regulated by the teacher. Lee continues to state that teachers should have both the content and educational understanding, and these two issues needed for the effective teaching are both valuable and compound. The teacher in this situation should be able to teach using various approaches which will help students struggling against literary problems. Lee argues that teachers should be aware of what students understand and value. Teachers should hear and respond to a wide range of students’ debatable questions with proper understanding. Additionally, Lee shows some important pedagogical understanding including some abilities, such as possibility to evaluate what students know and do not know. Other abilities include understanding several ways to capitalize learning and the way to know developmental progression. Lee considers that teachers should enter modern reading areas susceptible to the usual range of social and developmental issues displayed by students who are identified as incompetent. She considers that this is a requirement which almost all learning institutions or schools disregard.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Book Review: Culture, Literacy, and Learning: Taking Bloom in the Midst of the Whirlwind by Carol D. Lee specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Lee specifies her instructional c hoices in many examples in her book. She uses Taquisha’s conflict to discuss this issue. Taquisha seems to be reading a newspaper instead of attending to Sax Cantor Riff. This is evident when Taquisha questions the function of the film in their study programs. Lee mentions that she employs her understanding of adolescent growth as a basis for managing the conflicts which Taquisha have. Lee also states that she uses her knowledge of Taquisha as an individual African American communication experiences to reconstruct the condition. Moreover, she offers the readers and students six guidelines for teaching which clearly create a precise reasoning to difficult theme or issue as well as provides interesting instances. Her example is re-voicing learners’ expressions to guide students to huge plans within the area under discussion. Lee favors responsibility but is uncertain of problematic evaluations which are not genuine and rigorous in corrective reading at the resultant stag e. Hence, these do not bring about students to find out ways to participate in very complex and analytical reasoning concerning the theme. In chapter seven, Lee offers instances of the post and pre evaluations of literary learning, and I hope Lee will add example of students’ essay. This could portray the language of literary reasoning. Several books and journals are used by teachers so that they can improve the students’ language through the application of literature and culture. Lee’s book can be recommended since it addresses this issue. The book begins with an issue concerning literacy, culture and learning, then it suggests values of student’s culture and understanding in the service of attaining educational success. Lee proposes that achievements in urban schools are not easy for the teachers to gain and need plainly a profound understanding of the theme of the book, language, language socialization and the way students learn. They should also under stand the process of the children and teenagers maturation. Teachers should improve their teaching skills and knowledge used in urban schools.

Female Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Female Economy - Essay Example Research suggests that private wealth in America is most likely to grow by sixty percent in the year 2020 (Silverstein & Sayre, 48, 2009). It also suggests that fifty percent of this wealth would go to women. Although women have contributed positively in several fields, yet they experience discrimination and are often underestimated. They are often labeled, differentiated on basis of age or salary, characterized on basis of typical women concept or are incompetent as compared to men. This paper seeks to analyze the issue of gender differentiation and discrimination in the business domain in the lights of broad and diverse academic resources. Frequently, women are discriminated and often underestimated because of several reasons including chauvinist viewpoints, opposing and clashing policies, stereotyped, discrimination on basis of age, etc. Frequently, they are considered to be incompetent as compared to their male counterparts. Research suggests that in financial institutions, women are most likely to experience such characterizations and differentiations (Silverstein & Sayre, 52, 2009). Females in the financial industry and its institutions have made massive attempts and struggles in order to advance in their careers. However, it should be noted that women in the financial domain have the necessary education as well as the experience, yet they do not get promotions because of constant stereotype, labeling and the general culture of the corporate. Research suggests that women employed in financial services are often underestimated and their supervisors and colleagues often talk to them as if they do not have the basic knowledge on the subject. Company Profile Dresdner Kleinwort was founded in the year 1995. During this time, Kleinwort Benson had been acquired by the Dresdner Bank. Additionally, it gained global recognition by means of "the acquisition of the US investment bank Wasserstein Perella in the year 2001" (Christopher, 107, 2010). Its branch in Frankfurt has been successful in commencement of "trade in emission credits" (Christopher, 107, 2010). However, in the year 2008, the company experienced downfall when it's Mergers and Acquisition Department was shut in the year 2008 by Commerzbank. In the year 2009, its office in Japan was shut down. The management of Commerzbank asserted that no additional benefits or bonuses would be given to the Commerzbank group including Dresdner Kleinwort" (Christopher, 108, 2010). In the year 2010, six female employees of Dresdner Kleinwort filed a case against the investment bank because of gender discrimination and differentiation. The case was filed because they did not receive promotions and th eir pay was less as compared to their male counterparts. The case was filed because its female employees were treated as second-class workers. A study conducted in United States demonstrated that more than seventy percent of top management positions were occupied by white males in finance and banking industry. Analysis Environment Dresdner Kleinwort is considered to be a medium sized banking firm, which offers several diverse services and products related to finance. The services which it provides include "capital market products, foreign exchange derivatives and options, loans, collateralized

Not for profit marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Not for profit marketing - Essay Example Marketing eventually is there to help achieve profitability and long-term survival in business or organization. After all, the goal of every business is to achieve profitability and long-term survival. However, any activity in marketing which is outside the primary aim for profit is considered not-for-profit marketing (Cooper and Argyris, 1998). It avoids marketing practices that could be harmful to the society because it aims to develop fair and intelligent purchase decisions among consumers. However, not-for-profit marketing is not only applicable to businesses that substantially aim for profitability and long-term survival. The term profit cannot just be specifically focused on monetary value alone, but including other intrinsic values that could not be readily observed by the naked eye. When one heard about marketing, the ultimate concept that would come to mind is about business with the inclusion of the issue about profit, which is all about monetary value. However, not-for-profit marketing is also widely applicable among educational establishments, churches, politicians, national interest groups or charities, and any activities related to internal marketing (Cooper and Argy ris, 1998). Based on the above definition of marketing, it is essentially about satisfying individual and organizational objectives, but the entire thing about this could only be achieved if there is planning, execution and eventually creation of something else. A politician aiming to take his position after an election should basically learn to inform the public all necessary information about him that could potentially gain confidence on the part of the voters in voting for him. This eventually is an integral part of the not-for-profit marketing because the intention of the politician is just to develop among the people such a fair and intelligent decision. It is a kind